Definitions
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cells
What is the powerhouse of the cell?
The Mitochondria
What comes first, translation or transcription?
Transcription
If the trait is represented with a capital letter, then the gene is...
Dominant
True or False: DNA comes in one long strand
False
What is the material that carries all the information about how a living thing will look and function? (Hint: Not genes)
DNA
What does the Golgi Apparatus do?
It packages proteins
What do transcription and translation produce?
A Protein
True or False: If you are heterozygous for a gene you have two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes
False
Can translation occur without transcription?
No
What is the process when the RNA is converted into a sequence of amino acids that makes up the protein?
Translation
What organelle makes proteins?
Ribosomes
Transcribe this strand of DNA into mRNA:
3' ACTGCGTAACGTAC 5'
5' UGACGCAUUGCAUG 3'
If I did not want a gene to be expressed, I would _____ it. If I did want it to be expressed, I would ______ it.
Methylate, Acetylate
How many chromosomes do we have?
46
What is the study of heredity, or how certain features pass from parents to their offspring, or young?
Genetics
True
Translate this mRNA into amino acids:
GCUACAUGCGGGGUCCAUCUUGA
Met Arg Gly Pro Ser
If you are twins with the same genetic code, does that mean that you will have the same genes expressed? What factor or idea supports your answer?
No because of environmental factors
What is the start codon we normally use?
AUG - Met
What is a particular form of a gene and they are passed from parents to their offspring?
An Allele
Hey Doc! I've had some damaged cells that have not been broken down or killed off! Why won't my body clean out the worn-out cells? What organelle is not working?
The Lysosomes
Translate this DNA strand into its complementary DNA strand (Hint: "U" is only used in mRNA)
AGCGTACGTCGAGCGCTACGT
TCGCATGCAGCTCGCGATGCA
What carries genes?
Chromosomes
Name one difference between epigenetic changes and genetic changes?
Epigenetics changes are reversible