Unit 1
What is the difference between applied science and pure science?
Applied science is "a broad branch of science that focuses on knowledge use" and pure science is "a broad branch of science that focuses on knowledge discovery".
What is a scientific instrument used to magnify objects so that they appear larger?
A microscope.
During a hypotonic solution what is the cell reaction?
The cell swells up.
What are the signs for female and male chromosomes?
Female: XX
Male: XY
What does the law of segregation state?
What is the first step in the scientific process?
Make an observation and ask questions.
What are the two basic types of cells?
Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells.
Why does active transport require energy?
Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient.
What is the definition of the cell cycle?
A set of events that repeats during the life of a cell.
What is "a type of inheritance on which certain traits are controlled by more than one gene"?
Polygenic inheritance.
What are the 8 types of safety that should always be taken into consideration while performing a lab.
Eye protection, clothing safety, animal safety, plant safety, sharp objects, heat safety, electrical safety and chemical safety.
Is the nucleus the organelle that controls the making of proteins and therefore controls most cell functions?
Yes.
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate.
What is the first step of Mitosis?
Prophase.
What are the base pairs of RNA?
A with U and G with C.
What is the definition of carbohydrates?
"sugars that serve as energy sources"
What does a channel protein do?
Channel proteins are forms a passageway through the cell membrane’s lipid bilayer.
What are the three main parts of the ATP structure?
Ribose, Adenine Base, and Phosphate.
What is apoptosis?
A genetically programmed process that results in the breakdown and death of a cell in a way that is not harmful to the rest of the body.
What is mutation?
A change on the sequence of a gene's bases.
What is a pH scale?
A numeric scale, ranging from 0-14, that indicates how acidic or basic a substance is.
What are complex proteins that lower the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur?
Enzymes.
What are 2 examples of food that are produced from lactic acid fermentation?
Yogurt and sauerkraut.
In humans, what process creates gametes?
Meiosis.
What are molecules that cut DNA strands at particular sites?
Restriction enzymes.