Pathogens
This pathogen is found everywhere and outnumbers the cells in our body, however, it is not always pathogenic.
Bacteria
Name the 4 main components that air travels through in our lungs in order when breathing in.
Trachea -> Bronchus -> Bronchiole -> Alveoli.
Which is the thinnest Blood Vessel
Capillaries
What are the names of the two types of cells in our 3rd line of defense.
Lymphocytes B cells and T cell
What is the acronym used for first aid scenarios
DRS ABCD
This pathogen is non cellular and does not have a cell wall. It is basically a core of DNA
Virus
What process happens at the Alveoli
Gas exchange. Oxygen diffuses into our blood from the alveoli while carbon dioxide diffuses into our alveoli from our blood.
What assists in clotting at the site of injury
Platelets
Name 2 chemical barriers from our non specific immunity response.
Tears, Saliva, Stomach Acid
How do you apply an epipen
blue to the sky orange to the thigh and hold for 3-5 seconds.
Which pathogen infects our proteins altering them
Prions
Explain Diffusion
When a substance in a high concentration moves to an area with a low concentration.
Why are the Artery walls thick?
They are thick to withstand the pressure of blood being pumped out of the heart.
Memory cells are cells that have learnt how to respond to a pathogen and create the correct antibodies to destroy the pathogen for the next time we get infected.
When someone has been bitten by a snake, why do we ask them to lie down and keep still?
It helps slow the flow of the venom in the blood. If the person moves too much that will cause more blood to be pumped around the body.
Explain what a vector is
A vector is an organism that carries a pathogen BETWEEN organisms
Explain the process of inhaling and exhaling.
Inhaling - Diaphragm tightens and moves downwards allowing for lungs to expand and suck air in
Exhaling - Diaphragm relaxes forcing our lungs to become smaller and therefore air is pushed out
Other irregular shapes can cause clotting and infection whereas the disc shape allows blood to flow smoothly.
Name all of the second lines of defense.
Phagocytes - White blood cells, Fever, and Mast cells
How many chest compressions should there be in a minute when providing CPR?
100-120
What are the three characteristics of endoparasites
Live on the inside of the body, multicellular organism, and relies on host for nutrition and shelter.
Explain the role of aerobic cellular respiration in the importance of using the oxygen obtained from the lungs in providing energy for the body to function
Correctly explain the blood cycle.
Vena Cava -> Right Atrium -> Right Ventricle -> Pulmonary Artery -> Lungs -> Pulmonary Vein -> Left Atrium -> Left Ventricle -> Aorta -> Body
How does a vaccine work? You must give a detailed response.
It consists of a virus or bacteria that has been destroyed by heat or chemicals. As the antigen is still intact, the immune system is triggered. Our immune system then produces antibodies to attach to the antigens.
If someone is choking why do we not try to remove the object with our fingers when it's at the back of the mouth?
The back of the mouth gets narrower the further back it goes. If you accidentally push something further back, it'll cut off their airway more.