Biology
What role do mitochondria play in cells?
Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration in cells, where energy is released from glucose to produce ATP.
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell
What is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight?
Photosynthesis
What does MRSGREN stand for?
M — Movement
R — Respiration
S — Sensitivity (response to stimuli)
G — Growth
R — Reproduction
E — Excretion
N — Nutrition
What is the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy?
Cellular respiration
What is the molecule that carries oxygen and what type of cell is this molecule present in?
Red blood cells
Which system in the human body is responsible for defending against disease and infection?
Immune system
The natural movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from high to low concentration is called?
Osmosis
What term describes the process of an organism's physical characteristics changing over time to adapt to its environment?
Evolution
What process converts carbon dioxide into oxygen?
Photosynthesis
What molecule carries genetic information in all living organisms?
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
What is the shape of DNA?
Double-Helix
What is the test for protein called?
What colour changes do you see if a food contains protein?
Biuret test for protein
The reagent starts off a blue colour and turns violet/purple in the presence of protein
What is the function of enzymes, in general, in the body?
To reduce the energy required to start a chemical reaction.
What is the name of the process that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) in animals?
Meiosis
Which gas do plants absorb from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and how does it enter plant cells?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Enters the leaf through stomata when the guard cells are turgid.
Dissolves on the damp outer surface of spongy mesophyl cells/palisade cells. Enters the cell
Molecule OTHER than fatty acids in triglycerides
What is glycerol?
What is the term for the process by which a single cell divides to form two identical cells?
Mitosis
Which part of the cell is responsible for regulating all functions?
Nucleus
Which type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis?
mRNA
write the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis
(light and chlorophyll - can't add these in the correct place but they need to be above the arrow)
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Explain the difference between a communicable and non-communicable disease
Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens and can be spread between people, while non-communicable diseases cannot be transmitted and usually develop over time.
What is the molecule that carries energy within cells?
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
what organelle in a cell is the site of protein production?
Ribosomes
Two (of three) organelles that are only present in plant cells and not animal cells
What are the chloroplasts, large central vacuole, cell wall?