The Nature of Science
What is the difference between accurate and precise?
precise = how close/consistent your measurements are
accurate = how close the measurement is to the correct/accepted value
Which of the following terms represents the smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element?
Atom
If available, the body will always digest which macromolecule for energy first? Which will be digested as a last resort?
Carbohydrates; Protein will be last resort
What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?
monomer = small, basic subunit (word)
polymer = larger more complex structures made of monomers (sentence)
Give an example of an inference.
Example - the ground is wet (observation), so it must have rained (inference).
What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion?
Cohesion means one substance attracted/sticking to itself, and adhesion is one substance attracted/sticking to another substance.
Which macromolecule do we not get from food?
Nucleic Acids
What is the monomer and polymer for carbohydrates?
monomer = monosaccharide
polymer = polysaccharide
In a hypothesis the __________________ variable is what is being tested, while the _________________ variable is the one being measured in response.
independent; dependent
What chemically makes up water to make it have such unique properties?
It is polar
How much energy capacity does each macromolecule have in cal/g?
Carbohydrates - 4 cal/g
Lipids - 9 cal/g
Proteins - 4 cal/g
Nucleic Acids - 0 cal/g
What is the monomer and polymer for lipids?
monomer = fatty acids
polymer = triglycerides (fats, oils, steroids)
Write a hypothesis predicting a relationship between the following independent variable (IV), and dependent variable (DV):
IV- amount of caffeine DV- breathing rate of goldfish
If the amount of caffeine increases, then the breathing rate of goldfish will also increase.
What is an example of a nonpolar substance? Does it dissolve in water? And is it hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Oil. No it does not dissolve in water. Hydrophobic.
What is the main function of lipids?
Long-term energy storage
What is the monomer and polymer for proteins?
monomer = amino acids
polymer = polypeptide
What would the control group be in an experiment that wanted to test how different drinks effect the speed of a runner?
No drink or water
What are the five unique properties of water and briefly explain the importance of each.
Cohesion
Adhesion
High specific Heat
Less Dense as a Solid
Universal Solvent
What is an example of a carbohydrate?
Starch
What is the monomer and polymer of nucleic acids?
monomer = nucleic acid
polymer = DNA or RNA