Eye color in humans is the result of this type of inheritance.
What is polygenic?
100
These are two ways in which humans have benefited from selective breeding.
What are: having more agricultural produce than would have been possible otherwise; and creating dogs from wolves to help protect livestock.
100
A bacterium containing functional frog DNA would be classified as this type of organism.
What is transgenic?
100
Humans have 22 pairs of these type of chromosomes.
What is autosome?
200
Two healthy parents produce a child with the genetic disorder of cystic fibrosis, which is the result of a recessive gene. The two parents must have both been these.
What are carriers?
200
When roan cattle are mated, 25% of the offspring are red, 50% are roan, and 25% are white. Upon examination, it can be seen that the coat of a roan cow consists of both red and white hairs, which is an example of this.
What is codominance?
200
This is used to develop pure breeds.
What is inbreeding?
200
Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to do this.
A cleft chin, widow's peak, freely hanging earlobes, and hitch-hiker's thumb are all example of these types of traits.
What are simple dominant traits?
300
If a female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes (XRXr) crossed with a white-eyed male (XrY), this is the percent of their offspring that would have white eyes.
What is 50%?
300
A gene gun, a plasmid, and a virus may each be classified as one of these because they are mechanisms by which foreign DNA may be transferred into a host cell.
What is a vector?
300
A small amount of DNA obtained from a mummy or from frozen remains of a human may be cloned. In order to clone small amounts of DNA, this needs to be used to generate larger quantities of the DNA.
What is polymerase chain reaction?
300
The Human Genome Project has involved sequencing and mapping the human genome. The most important benefit of this information has been the diagnosis of genetic disorders. Once a genetic disorder is diagnosed, this can be used as a possible treatment.
What is gene therapy?
400
Of the diseases discussed in class, this is a human genetic disorder caused by a dominant gene.
What is Huntington's disease?
400
A man heterozygous for blood type A marries a woman heterozygous for blood type B. The chance that their first child will have type O blood is this.
What is 25%?
400
You are trying to determine the genotype of a long-eared rabbit. You cross the rabbit with a short-eared rabbit, which is homozygous recessive. If their offspring are half long-eared and half short-eared, this is the genotype of the long-eared rabbit parent.
What is heterozygous?
400
These are used to cleave DNA into fragments.
What are restriction enzymes?
400
The effort to completely map and sequence the human genome resulted in knowing the sequence of the approximately this number of genes on the 46 human chromosomes.
What is 23,000?
500
Of the diseases discussed in class, this genetic disorder can be detected by karyotyping.
What is Down syndrome?
500
This is the genetic reason for Down syndrome.
What is trisomy of chromosome 21?
500
Why is it erroneous to believe that a dominant autosomal trait will appear more often in a population than its recessive counterpart?
A recessive allele may be more abundant in the population, so the number of people born with the dominant trait is low. Examples include polydactyly and Huntington's disease.
500
Put the following in order:
1. Recombinant DNA is transferred into a bacterial cell.
2. A specific gene is identified in a DNA sequence.
3. The DNA fragment is recombined into a vector.
4. The DNA fragment to be inserted is isolated.
What is 2,4,3,1?
500
This shows the relative location of genes on a chromosome.