Define it
Having a tendency to repel water
Hydrophobic
The chemical formula for water
H2O
Which type of lipid is hydrophilic on one end and hydrophobic on the other end
Phospholipids
Transcription occurs in which organelle
Nucleus
Where are electrons found in an atom structure
Outside in an electron cloud
A group of atoms that form a unit with specific chemical properties. The atoms may be the same or different depending on the specific chemical involved
Molecule
Weak bonds that involve interaction of a hydrogen atom in one molecule with an oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atom in another molecule.
Hydrogen bonds
A molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in which there are twice as many hydrogen atom as as oxygen atoms
Carbohydrate
Adenine can only hydrogen bond with what other nitrogenous base
Thymine (Uracil in RNA)
This shape represents sugar in a DNA model
Pentagon (house)
A sequence of nucleotide bases on DNA that codes for a macromolecule
Gene
When an atom gains or loses an electron it results in 2 types of ions, what are they
Cation (positive)
Anion (negative)
This lipid is formed when a single molecule of glycerol reacts with three fatty acids
triglyceride
In RNA what is present instead of thymine
Uracil
One end of a strand of DNA that isn't linked to anything is called the
5 prime end
Amino acids are linked together in a specific order, forming the primary structure of the protein
Translation
Oppositely charged ions attracted together
Ionic bond
A forced bond between Carbon from an acid group and Nitrogen of amino group is called what
Peptide bond
How many nucleotide bases are needed to translate into one amino acid sequence
Three bases, which is one codon
What characteristic of water explains why water molecules arrange themselves with a negative side of one molecule attached to the negative side of another water molecule
Polarity
The process by which DNA is used to produce messenger RNA
Transcription
Electron being shared instead of moving from one atom to another
Covalent bond
When many dehydration reactions are done with monosaccharides the resulting polymer is called a
polysaccharide
One strand of DNA with base structure T-G-A-C-T what is the order of the other strand
A-C-T-G-A
What 4 steps must be explained if chemical evolution can be used to answer the Origin of Life question
1. Appearance of correct organic macromolecules
2. The polymerization or these macromolecules
3. How protocells developed
4. The development of the first cell