Human Overview
What type of immunity involves the body producing its own antibodies to protect itself?
Active immunity
What is the top layer of skin that is made of epithelial tissue?
Epidermis
What is the root in which hair grows out of?
Hair follicle
What is the term for the body's reaction to an allergen, toxin, bacteria, or other threat?
Inflammatory response
What is the strong, water-proof protein that makes up hair?
Keratin
What produces sebum?
Sebaceous glands
What type of active immunity uses mostly B cells to fight antigens?
Humoral immunity
Where do T cells mature?
Thymus
What does the digestive system do?
Help the body digest and absorb food
Describe the speed of epithelial tissue reproduction?
Very quickly
What is a vaccination?
Exposure of a person to an antigen int he form of a pathogen, in a safe way, to train the body's immune system to respond properly to it.
What are lymphocytes?
Cells that stimulate the production of antibodies
What's the difference between the nervous system and the endocrine system?
Nervous system controls the body via electrical impulses
Endocrine system controls the body via hormones
What is the difference between antigens and antibodies?
Antigen - proteins on the surface of a cell that attracts the lymphatic system
Antibodies - proteins that fight antigens and keep them from disturbing the body processes
What two things to killer T cells do?
Produce chemicals that mature or support other T cells
Hunt down the antigens on infected cells and induce cell death
What is autoimmune disease?
List the four types of tissues in humans, as well as a description of each.
Nervous tissue - receive sensory information from other sources and transmit electrical signals back to other sources
Connective tissue - supports, connects, and protects other structures in the body
Muscle tissue - made of cells that contract to move the body or individual organs
Epithelial tissue - made of layers of cell that covers or lines every surface of the body
Protecting the body from pathogens
Temperature control
Contains sensors for the environment
Eliminates wastes (somewhat)
Virus infects a cell
Macrophage eats that infected cell
Macrophage presents a processed antigen on its surface
Helper T cells read the processed antigen and activate killer T cells and suppressor T cells
Killer T cells will replicate themselves to produce chemicals that mature or support other T cells and they'll hunt down the antigens on infected cells and induce cell death
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?
Anatomy - the study of the physical makeup and structure of humans
Physiology - the study of the human life processes