Photosynthesis
What two main products result from photosynthesis?
c. sugars/carbohydrates and oxygen
We, humans, are considered what kinds of trophic organisms?
heterotrophs
fill in the blank:
Scientists can determine the amount of energy of a wave by measuring its__________________.
wavelength
What are the stages of Mitosis? Identify.
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Define chromosomes
thread-like structures located within the nucleus of a cell, composed of DNA tightly coiled
carry genetic information in the form of genes
identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis.
CO2 + H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + O2
What is an example of a chemiautotroph as described in class?
Archaea (organisms) of Yellowstone Park. They live in harsh chemical environments.
Which light on the spectrum is the strongest? What can it cause?
Violet light:
The higher-energy waves can penetrate tissues and damage cells and DNA, which explains why both X-rays and UV rays can be harmful to living organisms. AKA cancers
Mitosis is the cell division of what kinds of cells? Are they diploid or haploid?
the cell division of somatic cells AKA body cells. These are diploid 2N.
What are 2 major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell(s)?
prokaryotes lack a nucleus
eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles
Draw a mitochondria. Label 3 key structures.
1. double membrane
2. stroma
3. grana
4. thylakoid
5. chlorophyll
What is a producer? What is a consumer? How do they compare?
a producer makes their own food
a consumer relies on other living things to eat
they both use chemical energy for food
fill in the blank
_____________ wavelengths are more powerful than _____________ wavelengths
shorter; longer
Which stage of mitosis is where 90% of the cell spends its time? What occurs in this stage?
interphase; cell growth, DNA copies, organelles duplicate
define chlorophyll
name of the green pigment that plants use to make food during a process called photosynthesis
What process can occur from the production of sugar from photosynthesis? What does this process make?
cellular respiration
ATP
What are the two types of autotrophs?
chemiautotrophs
photoautotrophs
Chlorophyll absorbs light at what colors? Reflects it at what color light?
Red and Blue light; reflects green light
Draw the 4 stages of binary fission.
1. cell grows
2. DNA plasmid copies and moves to opposite ends
3. cell builds septum
4. two identical daughter cells
define cytokinesis. What is cyto? What is kinesis?
cell division (movement)
Which statement about thylakoids in eukaryotes is not correct?
b. Thylakoids exist as a maze of folded membranes.
Why are carnivores, such as lions, dependent on photosynthesis to survive?
Energy is transferred from autotrophs to heterotrophs. In other words, transferred down the food chain. Energy comes directly from the Sun.
What is the massless particle that makes up light?
Hint: moves at the speed of light
photons
What happens to genetic material during cell division? Briefly describe using key terms.
it is compacted from DNA to chromatin, spun to make a chromatid and chromosomes
homologous vs heterologous
These two words are used to describe what? What do they mean in context??
used to describe chomosomes
same chromosomal pair
different chromosomal pairs