Biology
True or false? Meiosis is cellular division during asexual reproduction.
False
What is the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell?
“Diploid cell has two copies of each gene, haploid has only one.”
Interphase:
life as normal in the cell
are the cells in your skin haploid or diploid?
“Diploid, only gametes are haploid”.
What is a vaccine?
“A weakened or inactive virus which stimulates the production of an antibody without causing a full-blown case of the illness it is designed to protect against, thereby making the patient immune to the disease without them having ever actually having it”. *students might comment that not all vaccines are as effective as we’d like them to be, an example would be the flu shot which often has less than a 50% effective rate.
4.Define a GENE
is a section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of a protein, thereby causing a trait to appear in an organism.
What is a chromosome?
A huge bundle of DNA coiled around and supported by proteins; condenses during reproduction.
Prophase:
chromosomes (chromatids) coil and condense, attach at the centromere
What is a gamete?
“A haploid cell produced for the purpose of genetic recombination (making more little humans :P)”
What are the three factors we talked about in class that determine a person’s
characteristics?
Genes, environment, spiritual
What is the difference between an intron and an exon?
“Introns never leave the nucleus while exons code for proteins and leave the nucleus all the time.”
Metaphase:
they briefly line up at the center
True or false?
A zygote is a Japanese livestock which bleets with an accent and is quite good at manufacturing optics, computers, and automobiles. “False” :P
Define genetic tendency and give an example.
“one might have the genes to reach 6ft in height but only grow to 5 ft 9in because of poor diet or insufficient exercise.”
What is an anticodon?
“A 3-part sequence on tRNA which matches the codon on mRNA”
Anaphase:
Sister chromatids (chromosomes) are pulled to the sides of the cell
What are the two characteristics of a virus?
“They contain DNA or RNA inside a protective membrane, and they cannot reproduce on their own (thus are not technically alive)
Define genetics
“The study of how physical characteristics are passed from parents to offspring”
Give the process for protein synthesis in as much detail as you can.
“Proteins in the nucleus latch on to a marker in DNA which signals the start of a gene, then other proteins assemble and replicate the DNA with mRNA via transcription; the mRNA is transported outside to a ribosome (and many other proteins) which reads the code and allows tRNA to line up with the correct amino acid, resulting in a long chain of amino acids in the correct order to be a protein once it is folded by the Golgi body.
Telophase:
Spindle in middle of cell degenerates, constriction forms in cell membrane, and nuclear membranes form around the replicated DNA on either side of the cell.
What are phagocytic cells and why might we find them in lymph nodes?
“They eat bad bacteria and are a part of the immune system, which lymph nodes are a central part of”.