Chapter 15:
What did Darwin believe in?
The theory of evolution
What is Artificial Selection?
Nature provides the variation and human selected those variations that they found useful
What is a gene pool?
The genes of a population which gradually evolves
What is genetic Equilibrium
Allele frequencies remain constant
What are liposomes?
Microspheres made from lipids
What is the name of the ship Darwin strangled around the world on recording and collecting nature?
HMS Beagle
By comparing fossils what you do determine?
Where they organism lived and how they died.
What is relative frequency?
The number of times that allele occurs in a gene pool, compared with the number of times other alleles for the same gene occur
What is reproductive isolation
When members of two populations cannot interbreed and produce fertile offsprings
What is proteinoid Microsphere?
Tiny bubbles formed from large organic molecules
Who did field work in Malaysia and read the same research papers as Darwin?
Alfred Wallace
What are Homologous organs?
Organs or parents in different types of organisms which seem to be related that usually have the same basic structure
What is the difference between single gene trait and polygenic traits?
Single gene traits:controlled by a single gene that has two alleles
polygenic traits:controlled by two or more genes
What is mutation and what does it occur by?
Mutation is a change in sequence of DNA and it occurs by mistakes in replication of DNA, and radiation or chemicals
In 1953 what did Stanley Miller and Harold Urey do?
They took Oparins hypothesis and made early earth atmosphere (Mixed different chemicals)
Give 3 pieces of evidence that support the thoery of evolution
Fossil Records, Geographic Distribution of Living Species, and Homologous Body Structure
They grow in similar ways to produce homologous structures
In what ways can naturals selection affect the distribution of phenotypes? (3 ways)
Directional selection, stabilizing selection and disruptive selection
What did Godfrey Hardy and Wilhelmina Weinberg work with?
The laws of population genetics
What is the age of the earth?
What is Vestigial Organs and give two examples.
Vestigal Organs are organs or features not used by the organisms. Ex: dew claw and pig toes
Explain the difference between compartive anatomy, compartive biochemistry and compartive embryology
Comparative anatomy: study of different organisms
Comparative Embryology: study of embryos of different organisms and indicating relationships among them
Comparative Biochemistr: study of various orgamisms on a chemical level
List the different types of isolations
Reproductive isolation,Behavioral Isolatio,Geographic Isolation and Temporal Isolation
List All the conditions needed to maintain genetic equilibrium
Mating must be random, no genes can enter or leave a popularion, no natural selection, population must be large and no mutation
What did Alexander Oparin do
Developed a hypothesis on the origin or life