Anatomy
Which system in the human body is responsible for defending against disease and infection?
Immune System
What is the basic unit of life?
The cell
What is the shape of DNA?
Double-Helix
What is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight?
Photosynthesis
What diagram is used to predict the probability of an offspring inheriting a trait from their parents by showing the possible allele combinations from each parent?
Punnett square
What is the molecule that carries oxygen and what type of cell is this molecule present in?
Hemoglobin, Red blood cells
What organelle in a cell is the site of protein production?
Ribosomes
What is the molecule that carries energy within cells?
ATP (Adenosine TriPhosphate)
What are 2 functions of roots in plants?
anchoring the plant, storing food, absorbing water/minerals
What term describes the process of an organism's physical characteristics changing over time to adapt to its environment?
Evolution
Where does digestion start in the body?
Mouth (Chewing and Saliva)
The natural movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from high to low concentration is called?
Osmosis
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino Acids
What is the tissue that transports water in plants?
Xylem
What is the name of the process that produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) in animals?
Meiosis
What is the name of the tissue that connects bones to other bones?
Ligament
What is the name of the gel-like substance that fills cells and suspends cell organelles?
Cytosol (not cytoplasm)
What macromolecule is made up of saccharides?
Carbohydrates
Two (of three) organelles that are only present in plant cells and not animal cells
Chloroplasts, Large Central Vacuole, Cell Wall
What is the main function of mitosis?
The primary function of mitosis is to produce two new cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. This process is essential for the growth and repair of cells.
What lobe of the brain controls vision?
Occipital Lobe
Name 2 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, size, DNA organization
Single Strand vs. Double Strand
Uracil vs. Thymine
Write the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis (must include light in the correct spot)
(light needs to be above the arrow)
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What are the three types of combinations for alleles? (3 names)
- Homozygous Dominant
- Homozygous Recessive
- Heterozygous