The molecule used to copy the coded message from a portion of DNA.
What is mRNA?
100
Each 3 letter code word (codon) in mRNA specifies one of these.
What is an amino acid?
100
The sub-units or building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
100
This term means that the SAME code is used by ALL living organisms.
What is the term "universal"?
100
The study of life or living things.
What is Biology?
200
The mRNA codons that correspond to the DNA sequence of
TAC AGA
What is AUG UCU?
200
The organelle where translation occurs.
What is a ribosome?
200
The type of bond that links together two amino acids.
What is a peptide bond?
200
The term that describes the 3 letter (nucleotide bases) code word that specifies a particular amino acid.
What is a codon?
200
The oldest fossils in sedimentary rock are in this layer.
What is the deepest layer?
300
The portion of DNA that codes for one whole protein or polypeptide.
What is a gene?
300
The molecule that has an anticodon on one end and the appropriate amino acid on the other end.
What is a tRNA molecule or transfer RNA?
300
This type of protein increase the rate of chemical reactions by decreasing the amount of energy needed to start the reaction.
What are enzymes?
300
The number of total possible 3 letter codons.
What is 64?
300
If you were testing the effects of the amount of sugar intake on energy level, the amount of sugar would represent the ________________.
What is the independent variable?
400
The name of the nitrogenous base found in mRNA but not in DNA.
What is uracil?
400
If GUA is the mRNA codon for valine, the tRNA that brings this amino acid has the anticodon_____.
What is CAU?
400
This type of protein helps prevent infection, illness and disease by identifying and assisting in destroying antigens such as bacteria and viruses.
What are antibodies?
400
This is the START codon - it also signifies the amino acid, methionine.
What is AUG?
400
Humans are composed of this type of cells.
What are eukaryotic cells?
500
The name of the enzyme that copies the segment of DNA onto mRNA.
What is RNA polymerase?
500
When the ribosome encounters one of these, it disassembles the ribosome and releases the (protein)polypeptide.
What is a stop codon?
500
These two factors can affect the shape of a protein/enzyme and interfere with its function.
What are temperature and pH?
500
THIS TYPE OF MUTATION still codes for the same amino so there is no effect on the protein.
For example: an A is replaced by a G as in: GGA becomes GGG and still codes for the amino acid glycine.
What is a silent mutation?
500
During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight (solar) energy into this type of energy.