Cells
What is the basic unit of life?
What is a cell?
What do we call physical traits that you can see?
What is phenotype?
Who developed the theory of natural selection?
Charles Darwin
What do plants need for photosynthesis?
Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
What gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
Which organelle controls what enters and exits the cell?
What is the cell membrane?
How many total chromosomes are found in most human body cells?
What is 46?
What is a group of the same species in the same area called?
Population
What is a living component of an ecosystem called
Biotic factor
What sugar is made during photosynthesis?
Glucose
Compare the function of the mitochondria and the chloroplast.
Mitochondria make energy (ATP); chloroplasts make glucose using light
Differentiate between genotype and phenotype using an example.
Genotype = Aa, phenotype = brown eyes.
Explain how camouflage increases an organism's chances of survival.
It helps them hide from predators, increasing survival and reproduction.
Classify organisms as producers, consumers, or decomposers in a food web.
grass = producer, cow = consumer, fungi = decomposer.
Compare the reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
They are opposites—photosynthesis uses CO₂ and H₂O, respiration uses glucose and O₂.
Distinguish between plant and animal cells using two structural differences.
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.
Predict the offspring traits when two heterozygous parents are crossed for a dominant trait.
75% dominant phenotype, 25% recessive phenotype
Compare natural selection and artificial selection.
Natural = environment selects; artificial = humans select traits.
Interpret a simple food chain and identify the flow of energy.
Energy flows from producers to herbivores to carnivores.
Describe what happens to energy during photosynthesis and respiration.
Photosynthesis stores energy in glucose; respiration releases it as ATP.
Analyze how damage to the mitochondria might affect other parts of the cell.
Energy production would decrease, affecting processes like protein synthesis and transport.
Explain how a mutation in a gene could affect an organism's phenotype.
It may change the protein made, leading to a new or nonfunctional trait.
Use evidence to justify how the fossil record supports the theory of evolution
Fossils show gradual changes in species over time, indicating common ancestry.
Evaluate the impact of removing a top predator from an ecosystem.
May cause overpopulation of prey, leading to imbalance in the food web.
Design an investigation to test how light affects the rate of photosynthesis.
Vary light intensity and measure oxygen output in water plants.