BIOLOGY EOC REVIEW

Cell Structure & Function

100

Eukaryotic organisms have membrane-bound organelles. Which of these organelles is considered the "control center" and stores the genetic material for the cell?

The nucleus.

200

Placing wilted lettuce in cold water will make it crisp again. Which statement best describes what happens to restore the lettuce to its original condition? 

A. Water left the lettuce cells by diffusion. 

B. Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis.

C. Osmosis caused salts to enter the lettuce cells. 

D. Salts in the leaf caused water to leave the cells.

What is B-Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis.

300

This organelle is the site of aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells.

What is Mitochondrion

400

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form a nucleotide which is the building block (monomer) of which organic compound?

What is Nucleic Acid

500

Predict what may occur if a cell skips the S phase?

Error in mitosis. Too little DNA for daughter cells. Daughter cells not identical.

Mechanisms of Genetics

100

Which term best describes the type of cell division in which parent cells produce daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells?

What is Mitosis

200

This process occurs in the nucleus and produces a molecule of mRNA

What is Transcription

300

Hitchhiker’s thumb (H) is dominant to no hitchhiker’s thumb (h). A woman who does not have hitchhiker’s thumb marries a man who is heterozygous for hitchhiker’s thumb. What is the probable genotypic ratio of their children? (make a punnet square)

What is 50% Hh and 50% hh

400

Some flowers show incomplete dominance. If RR = white and R′R′ = red, which phenotypic ratio would be expected in the offspring of two pink flowers?

1 Red: 2 Pink: 1 White

500

A diploid cell contains 2 pairs of homologous chromosomes Ss and Tt. Due to independent assortment what is the possible genetic make-up of the gametes produced by this organism? 

A. SsTt 

B. Ss, Tt 

C. S, s, T, t 

D. ST, St, sT, st

D. ST, St, sT, st

Evolution & Classification

100

Which kingdoms have photosynthetic organisms? 

A. fungi and plants 

B. fungi and protists 

C. protists and plants 

D. plants and animals

What is C protists and plants

200

According to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker, and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses?

What is Natural Selection

300

Which would most likely favor species survival in changing environmental conditions? 

A. genetic recombination 

B. energy involvement in gamete production 

C. length of life cycle 

D. number of offspring produced

A genetic recombination

400

Variety within a species is most likely to result from which situation? 

 A. severe weather conditions that might occur, such as hurricanes or blizzards 

B. adaptation to local environmental characteristics by isolated populations of the species 

C. the extinction of competing species over a broad range of habitats 

D. sex-specific coloring differences

B. adaptation to local environmental characteristics by isolated populations of the species 

500

Evolution by Natural Selection is a theory well known in the scientific community. What is some evidence that supports this theory?

What is Fossil evidence, Homologous structures, and common ancestors 

Processes and Systems

100

A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped? 

 A. osmosis 

 B. photosynthesis 

 C. protein synthesis 

 D. respiration

What is C-Protein Synthesis

200

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different? 

 A Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP. 

 B Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen. 

 C Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy. 

 D Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

What is-D Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

300

In humans, glucose is kept in balance in the bloodstream by insulin. Which concept does this best illustrate?

What is Homeostasis

400

Pollen in plants is most similar to which type of cell in humans?

What is -Sperm

500

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems? 

 

What is Enzymes act as catalysts to drive chemical reactions forward. 

Interdependence within Environmental Systems

100

The crab Lybia tessellata carries a pair of sea anemones on its claws. The crab uses the sea anemone’s stinging tentacles as protection and the sea anemone obtains small food particles released by the crab as it feeds. Which type of symbiotic relationship does this best illustrate? 

 A. commensalism 

 B. mutualism 

 C. parasitism 

 D. predation

What is B-mutualism

200

In an ecosystem, which is the most likely reason for an increase in the producer population if there is an increase in the carnivore population? 

 A. fewer herbivores 

 B. higher temperatures 

 C. less food 

 D. more oxygen

What is A  fewer herbivores 

300

Which sequence shows increasing ecological levels of organization? 

 A. organism, population, community, ecosystem 

 B. ecosystem, population, organism, community 

 C. community, ecosystem, population, organism 

 D. population, organism, ecosystem, community

What is A organism, population, community, ecosystem 

400

Which will most likely happen if the decomposers are removed from the carbon cycle? 

 A. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase. 

 B. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease. 

 C. The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase. 

 D. The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease.

What is B The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease. 

500

When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true?

A. Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.

B. Growth and immigration rate is greater than death and emigration rate.

C. Growth and immigration rate is less than death and emigration rate.

D. Growth rate is exponential.

What is A. Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.