Speciation Concepts
What type of speciation occurs when two populations are geographically separated by a barrier, like a mountain range?
What is Allopatric speciation?
What is the process that leads to the survival and reproduction of organisms with traits that increase their chances of survival in a given environment?
What is Natural selection?
What is the term for the variety of life in an ecosystem, including the number of species and their distribution?
What is Diversity?
Which species concept defines a species based on its ability to interbreed and produce fertile offspring in natural conditions?
What is the Biological Species Concept (BSC)?
Which organisms are at trophic level 1 and produce their own food using sunlight through photosynthesis?
What are Producers?
n which type of speciation do new species form in the same geographic area due to factors like behavior or habitat differentiation?
What is Sympatric speciation?
In which type of selection are the middle or average traits favored, reducing variation in a population?
What is Stabilizing selection?
The number of different species in an ecosystem is called:
What is Species richness?
This species concept defines species by their evolutionary history and genetic differences. It uses phylogenetic trees to identify species.
What is the Phylogenetic Species Concept (PSC)?
What is the term for the amount of energy that is passed on from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem?
What is Energy transfer?
What term refers to a shared, derived characteristic that helps define groups of organisms and is used in phylogenetic trees?
What is Synapomorphy?
What type of selection can cause the population to split into two groups, favoring both extreme traits, like birds with small and large beaks?
What is Disruptive selection?
How do higher biodiversity and stability relate in an ecosystem?
What is More diversity leads to greater stability?
Which species concept emphasizes physical traits to define a species, sometimes regardless of evolutionary relationships?
What is the Morphospecies Concept?
In a food chain, primary consumers are also known as:
What are Herbivores?
If one extreme trait is favored over others, like in the case of dark-colored moths during the Industrial Revolution, this type of selection is called:
What is Directional selection?
The process in which one extreme trait becomes more common in a population over time is known as:
What is Directional selection?
Which type of species diversity refers to the even distribution of individuals across species in an ecosystem?
What is Species evenness?
This species concept defines species based on their role in the ecosystem, such as how they interact with food sources or predators.
What is the Ecological Species Concept (ESC)?
Which rule states that only about 10% of the energy at one trophic level is passed on to the next level?
What is the 10% Rule?
What type of speciation happens rapidly after a mass extinction event when ecological niches become available for new species?
What is Adaptive radiation?
Which evolutionary process increases the genetic variation in a population by favoring traits that enhance survival and reproduction in specific environments?
What is Natural selection?
A highly diverse ecosystem, like a tropical rainforest, tends to have greater resilience due to what characteristic?
What is Higher biodiversity?
Which species concept is based on how organisms recognize each other as mates?
What is the Recognition Species Concept (RSC)?
Decomposers like fungi and bacteria play an important role in recycling nutrients in the ecosystem. They break down dead organisms at which trophic level?
What are Decomposers?