Cellular Transportation
What is the difference between active and passive transport.
Active transport requires energy while passive transport does not.
What does unicellular mean?
To be made up of only 1 cell.
What is the shape of an animal cell? What is the shape of a plant cell?
Plant cell- Rectangular
Animal cell- Circular/Oval
What is an anion? What is a cation?
An anion is a negatively charged ion. A cation is a positively charged ion.
List two properties of water.
Transparent
Tasteless
Odorless
What is equilibrium?
The state where everything is balanced and equal on both sides of the cell membrane.
What is the only type of organism a prokaryote can be?
Bacteria
What are three organelles plant cells and animal cells have in common?
Vesicle, cell membrane, nucleus, ER, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, etc.
What are valence electrons?
Electrons on the outermost shell of the atom.
What title was water given, since it can dissolve such a wide range of substances?
The "Universal Solvent"
What is a carrier protein?
A protein that latches to substances and changes its shape so that it is suited to go through the membrane.
List 3 properties of Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes respectively. (Extra points if you come up with 5).
Prokaryotes-
• Lacks Nucleus
• Organelles Lack Membranes
• DNA is free floating
• Always unicellular
• Always bacteria
• Smaller than Eukaryote
• Reproduction is asexual (exact copies/clones)
Eukaryote-
• Has Nucleus
• Organelles have Membranes
• DNA is in the Nucleus
• Can be unicellular or multicellular
• Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists
• Much Larger than Prokaryote
• Reproduction can be asexual (clones) or sexual
What are three differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant
-Large vesicle
-No centrioles
-Chloroplast
-Cell Wall
Animal
-Small vesicles
-Centrioles
-No Chloroplast
-Only Cell Membrane
-Oblong
Which bond only forms between nonmetals?
Covalent Bonds
What causes water to clump in drops rather than to spread into thin layers?
Cohesion
What happens to a cell with a hypertonic solution, hypotonic solution, and isotonic solution respectively.
Hypertonic- Shrivels after exerting water.
Hypotonic-Swells after taking in water.
Isotonic-Stays the same.
What are the only type(s) of organisms that can eukaryotes be?
Animals, plants, protists, and fungi.
What is the difference between mitochondria and mitochondrion.
Mitochondrion is plural while mitochondria is singular.
Which bond is responsible for gaining/losing electrons?
Ionic Bonds
What gives water its ability to dissolve so many substances and form a film on the surface of the water?
Its unique polarity.
What is the organelle in plants that keeps a cell from over-expanding? What is the pressure that is exerted on this thing called?
The cell wall
Tugor pressure
What does "Pro" mean and what does "Eu" mean respectively?
Pro- No
Eu- True
List every main organelle of a plant cell from memory that we discussed in class. (There are 10 of them).
Golgi apparatus
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Nucleus
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
What type of bond occurs when sodium (Na) bonds with chlorine (Cl) to form sodium chloride (NaCl).
Ionic Bond
Explain, in detail, the process and purpose of capillary action.
Allows water to move through plant roots and stems and the smallest blood vessels As one molecule moves up the root or capillary, it pulls the others with it. Capillary action also uses both cohesion and adhesion.