Organisms most suited to their environment survive longer and leave more offspring. Darwin's term for this PROCESS is...
What is natural selection (or survival of fittest)
100
Structure of the nervous system that regulates breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, etc.
What is the brain stem OR autonomic nervous system
100
The process in the kidneys by which substances the body needs are taken back into the blood stream.
What is reabsorption.
100
Vessel through which oxygenated blood ENTERS the heart.
What is pulmonary veins.
100
NOT USED in 2016: type of cell that kills cancerous cells.
What is T cells (Killer T cells)
200
The wings of a butterfly and bird are similar in structure but the two are not related. This type of evolution is called...
What is convergent evolution
200
What happens at the synapse?
Neurotransmitters are released, which signals an impulse (action potential) in the next neuron.
200
Function of ADH.
Kidneys reabsorb more water. Produced by the...? (posterior pituitary)
200
List three locations within the heart and its vessels that deoxygenated blood flows through.
vena cava (superior + inferior)
right atrium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
pulmonary artery
200
Function of TSH
What is stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroxine.
300
ONE way genetic equilibrium is met (hint: hardy weinberg principles)
What is:
no natural selection
no mutations
no immigration/emigration
no sexual selection (random mating)
large population
300
Crossbridges are formed by these 2 proteins.
What is myosin and actin (during muscle contraction).
300
5 categories on the USDA food plate.
What is protein, grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy.
300
During exhalation, what occurs with pressure and volume?
What is volume decreases, so pressure increases (which forces air out).
300
Describe what occurs during the first phase of the menstrual cycle?
What is the follicle grows and develops, endometrium starts to thicken.
400
List TWO types of isolation (there are several).
What is geographic, reproductive, behavioral, temporal.
400
Describe what is happening in acne.
Bacteria get trapped in follicles and they become infected.
400
A function of the large intestine.
What is absorption of water, production of vitamins (e.g. vitamin K).
400
List FOUR problems of the circulatory system.
What is hypertension, stroke, heart attack, atherosclerosis, varicose veins/hemorrhoids.
400
(Two questions) Location of:implantation AND location of: sperm maturation
What is
uterus (implantation-problem if in Fallopian tubes)
epididymis
500
A diagram that shows relatedness based on DNA and homologous structures.
What is a cladogram (phylogeny acceptable).
500
Explain what occurs during osteoporosis.
Bone is broken down faster than its built back up (osteoclasts are working faster than osteoblasts), which leads to weak and brittle bones.
Prevention???
500
Role of digestion in cell respiration. (How do the two connect?)
What is provides glucose for cell respiration to take place - cells can make energy (and use that energy for ALL processes of the body).
500
Two SPECIFIC components of cigarette smoke.
nicotine: increases heart rate and blood pressure
carbon monoxide: hemoglobin cannot bind oxygen
tar: at least 60 carcinogens
500
Explain how fraternal twins are possible.
What is if a woman ovulates 2 eggs and they are each fertilized, but by separate sperm.