Scientific Method
This is the factor you intentionally change in an experiment to test its effect.
What is the independent variable?
This process moves water across a selectively permeable membrane from high to low water concentration.
What is osmosis?
This process uses sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen in plants.
What is photosynthesis?
This system transports oxygen and nutrients via the heart and blood vessels.
What is the cardiovascular system?
This principle states that allele frequencies remain constant unless acted upon by external forces.
What is the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?
This is the result you measure in an experiment, which you cannot directly control.
What is the dependent variable?
This solution has more molecules inside the cell than outside, causing water to enter the cell.
What is hypotonic?
This organelle, containing chlorophyll, is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
What is the chloroplast?
This system’s kidneys filter blood to remove waste and regulate pH.
What is the urinary system?
This process forms new species through reproductive isolation and genetic divergence.
What is speciation?
This group remains unchanged to serve as a baseline for comparison in an experiment.
What is the control group?
This process moves large molecules through protein channels without using energy.
What is facilitated diffusion?
This equation represents the process: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2.
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
This muscle type, found only in the heart, contracts involuntarily to pump blood.
What is cardiac muscle?
This effect occurs when a small group establishes a new population, reducing genetic diversity.
What is the founder effect?
These factors are kept the same in both experimental and control groups to ensure a fair test.
What are constants?
This process, where cells engulf large particles, is a type of endocytosis.
What is phagocytosis?
This process, occurring in the cytoplasm, breaks glucose into pyruvate and produces 2 ATP.
What is glycolysis?
This system’s alveoli allow oxygen to diffuse into the blood and CO2 to be exhaled.
What is the respiratory system?
This naming system uses Genus and species, like Bos taurus for a cow.
What is binomial nomenclature?
This educated guess, written as an “If… then…” statement, predicts the outcome of an experiment.
What is a hypothesis?
This structure, made of two layers of amphipathic lipid molecules, forms the cell’s selectively permeable membrane.
What is the lipid bilayer?
In aerobic respiration, this electron carrier delivers high-energy electrons to the ETC, producing 32–34 ATP.
What is NADH?
This part of the skeletal system produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
What is bone marrow?
This scientist, who sailed on the HMS Beagle, published “On the Origin of Species” in 1859.
Who is Darwin?