Natural Selection
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce is known as what? (Page 165)
What is biological fitness.
The monk who laid the groundwork for the study of genetics is known as who? (Page 159)
Who is Gregor Mendel
The function or position that an organism plays in the overall ecosystem is known as what? (Page 163, 164)
What is a niche
The process of inherited, genetic changes over several generations is known as what? (Page 109)
What is biological evolution.
What is the accumulation of all fossilized remains that scientists have collected around the world. (Page 111, 112)
What is the fossil record.
This type of selection occurs when there is a shift in the environment resulting in nature selecting for one extreme trait. (Page 161,162)
What is directional selection
Different versions of a gene are known as what? (Page 146, 147)
What is an allele
Eye color in humans is an example of what type of mutation? (Page 163, 164)
What is neutral mutation
A branched diagram used to show evolutionary relationships between different species is known as what? (Page 114, 115)
What is a cladogram.
The breaking apart and movement of continents which caused species to be isolated and develop differently from their common ancestor is known as what? (Page 111, 112)
What is Continental Drift.
This type of selection occurs when nature selects for two extreme traits. (Page 161,162)
What is disruptive selection.
How often an allele occurs in a population is known as what? (Page 159, 160)
What is allele frequency.
New species evolve when a population gets isolated and develops two gene pools that can no longer interbreed. This is a type of natural selection known as what? (165, 166)
What is speciation.
Many species share similar traits, even though they don't have any common ancestors. This is known as what type of evolution? (Page 163, 164)
What is convergent evolution.
The Earth's crust is broken into huge pieces that fit together like a puzzle. These "puzzle pieces" are known as what? (Page 111, 112)
What are tectonic plates.
Giraffes adapting to have long necks in response to their only food source being high in trees is an example of what type of natural selection? (Page 161,162)
What is directional selection
On a Punnett Square, an organism's genotype is expressed by two letters. What kind of letters does a heterozygous organism have? (Page 147)
What are a capital and lowercase letter.
An allele that increases an organism's biological fitness is known as what? (Page 164, 165)
What is a beneficial allele.
Natural selection and environmental pressures can cause small changes to build up over successive generations in a population.This can cause a population to diverge, creating a new species from the old. This is known as what kind of evolution? (Page 163, 164)
What is divergent evolution.
What type of homology is studied by analyzing and comparing bones of different species. (Page 113-115)
What is an anatomical homology.
The field mustard plant in Southern California evolved due to an extreme drought. Natural selection favors what type of mustard plant? (Page 161, 162)
What are early bloomers?
Natural selection is a process that leads to genetic changes in a population over time. It can produce biological evolution if the genetic changes result in what type of changes? (Page 160)
What are phenotype changes.
Leftover structures that we inherited from our ancestors but no longer serve a function (for example, a human appendix) are known as what?
What are vestigial structures.
The ocean is getting warmer and its pH is getting lower. This is depleting the ocean of calcium carbonate? Ocean life will have to evolve to survive. What do organisms in the ocean use calcium carbonate for?
What is building shells and skeletons.
Scientists use radioactive dating to determine the age of fossils. What do scientists measure when they use this technique? (Page 111)
What is How Much Radioactive Material is Left in a Fossil.