Origin and Characteristics of Life
True or False: Western science has a definite answer about how life first began
False, as we saw in the “NOVA Origins: How Life Began” video there are many different hypotheses about how life started and we still don’t know for sure
True or False: Organisms need to have at least 2 cells to be considered alive
False: Unicellular organisms only have 1 cell
What is the difference between the two types of reproduction?
In Asexual reproduction, there is only one parent and the offspring is genetically identical (essentially a clone); in Sexual reproduction there are two parents and the genetics of the offspring are a combination of the two parents
What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph?
Autotrophs produce their own energy, whereas heterotrophs depend on other food sources for energy
What are the 3 subatomic particles that make up atoms?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What is metabolism?
Chemical reactions in the body of an organism that change food into energy
Why is the front office like the Nucleus?
Because it provides instructions for the rest of the cell
In the strawberry lab, what happened when you added ethanol to your strawberry extract?
The DNA came out
True or False: Fossils provide evidence for evolution by showing the characteristics of early life forms
True
What are the 2 elements that make up a water molecule?
Oxygen and hydrogen
True or False: Charles Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection.
True
What are the 3 main principles of cell theory?
All living things are made of cells; cells are the basic units of structure and function; all cells come from preexisting cells
True or False: DNA is contained in the golgi apparatus of cells
False. It is in the nucleus
Why did the gummy bear in salt water get smaller and the bear in tap water get bigger?
The bears in tap water absorbed water through the process of osmosis, whereas the bears in salt water lost water (through the same process).
What does the atomic number of an element tell you?
The number of protons
What are two differences between asexual and sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is only 1 parent, sexual reproduction is 2 parents
In asexual reproduction offspring are genetically identical to their parent, in sexual reproduction their genetics are a combination of their parents' genes
What are two structures that are found in plant cells but NOT animal cells?
Chloroplasts, cell walls, central vacuole
What is the structure of DNA called?
How did the "Bean Lab" demonstrate natural selection of predators?
The different utensils were different types of predators and teams that got the most beans increased in population while the others went extinct
What subatomic particle orbits the nucleus and can exchange or share among atoms?
Electrons
How does the human body maintain temperature homeostasis ?
What part of the cell was demonstrated in the bubble lab and why did we use bubbles to represent this structure?
The cell membrane, the cell membrane is similar to bubbles because it is flexible and fluid and both bubbles and cell membranes are made of 2 layers of phospholipid molecules- 1 end is hydrophilic and 1 end is hydrophilic
Cells in the human body are diploid and contain ___ copies of each chromosome whereas gametes (sperm and egg cells) are haploid contain only ___ copy
2 and 1
In the fossil record, what evidence suggests the evolution of organisms over a long time span?
Simple, gradually more complex fossils progressing to diverse organisms
How many atoms are in the molecule C6H12O6?
24