MACROMOLECULES
What is one way carbohydrates help maintain homeostasis in the body?
Carbohydrates provide energy for cellular functions and help regulate blood sugar levels.
Name three major organelles involved in protein synthesis.
Ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus.
Describe how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
The respiratory system provides oxygen to the blood, while the circulatory system transports it to cells.
Who proposed the theory of evolution based on natural selection?
Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution based on natural selection.
How did knowledge of Earth’s age influence Darwin's ideas?
It allowed Darwin to propose that species have changed over long periods, supporting gradual evolution.
Describe the role of proteins in cellular processes.
Proteins are involved in enzyme reactions, transport molecules, and support cellular structure.
How is the endoplasmic reticulum similar to a factory assembly line?
The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids, transporting them like an assembly line to the Golgi apparatus.
What role does the nervous system play in regulating body temperature?
The nervous system detects changes in temperature and signals the body to respond, such as sweating or shivering.
What are the two main drivers of evolution?
Natural selection and genetic drift.
Name one scientist who influenced Darwin and describe their hypothesis.
Charles Lyell influenced Darwin with the idea of uniformitarianism, suggesting that Earth’s processes occur over long timescales.
What function do lipids serve in energy storage?
Lipids store energy for long-term use and serve as structural components of cell membranes.
What organelle is known as the control center of the cell?
The nucleus is known as the control center of the cell.
Explain how the digestive and excretory systems contribute to homeostasis.
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients, while the excretory system removes waste to maintain balance
How does natural selection differ from artificial selection?
Natural selection occurs through environmental pressures, while artificial selection is controlled by human choices.
What role did the fossil record play in shaping evolutionary thought?
The fossil record provides evidence of past life forms and shows gradual changes over time.
Explain how nucleic acids are essential for genetic information.
Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) store and transmit genetic information necessary for protein synthesis.
Describe how vesicles are involved in transporting materials within a cell.
Vesicles transport materials to and from the cell membrane and between organelles.
Discuss the interaction between the endocrine and immune systems.
he endocrine system releases hormones that can influence immune responses, maintaining homeostasis.
Describe a molecular example of evolution at the DNA level.
An example is mutations in DNA that lead to variations beneficial for survival.
Discuss how geological processes contribute to our understanding of evolution.
Geological processes, like plate tectonics, can lead to new habitats that influence evolutionary paths.
Discuss the importance of macromolecules in the overall health of an organism.
Macromolecules are essential for growth, repair, and maintaining overall health in organisms.
Compare the functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts in a cell.
Mitochondria produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration, while chloroplasts convert sunlight into energy (glucose) through photosynthesis.
How do the muscular and skeletal systems collaborate to maintain balance?
The muscular system allows for movement, while the skeletal system provides structure and support for balance.
Explain how ecological factors can drive evolutionary change.
Explain the significance of radiometric dating in determining Earth's age.
Explain the significance of radiometric dating in determining Earth's age.
Radiometric dating allows scientists to determine the age of rocks and fossils, providing a timeline for evolutionary history.