Cardiovascular System
What is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
What enzyme breaks down starch?
Amylase (Carbohydrase)
What is the main function of red blood cells?
To carry oxygen (& carbon dioxide)
What substance moves into cells by diffusion for respiration?
Oxygen.
What is the name of the blood vessel that brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary vein
Where is bile produced?
Liver
What component of blood helps to clot wounds?
Platelets
What type of membrane is needed for osmosis to occur?
Partially permeable membrane.
Which side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
Right side
What is the role of bile in digestion? (give 2)
It emulsifies fats and neutralises stomach acid.
What is the liquid part of blood called?
Plasma
What is the main difference between diffusion and active transport?
Active transport requires energy.
What is the function of the left ventricle?
To pump oxygenated blood to the body
What is the function of the small intestine?
Absorption of nutrients
Name two substances transported by plasma.
Carbon dioxide, urea, hormones, glucose, amino acids (any two)
What organelle provides the energy for active transport?
Mitochondria.
Describe the pathway of blood through the heart starting from the vena cava.
Vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → body
Describe how the small intestine is adapted for absorption (at least 2 adaptations)
It has villi and microvilli to increase surface area, a good blood supply, and thin walls.
How are red blood cells adapted to their function? (at least 2 adaptations)
They have no nucleus, are biconcave / smooth in shape, and contain haemoglobin to carry oxygen.
Explain why osmosis is a type of diffusion.
Because it involves the movement of particles (water) from high to low concentration.