Protists
This informal group includes all eukaryotes that are not plants, animals, or fungi.
What are protists?
Protists are believed to be the first of these complex cell types to evolve.
What are eukaryotes?
Fungal cell walls are made of this tough polymer also found in insect exoskeletons.
What is chitin?
Long, branching filaments that make up the body of a fungus are called these.
What are hyphae?
Motile, flagellated asexual spores are called these.
What are zoospores?
This method of feeding involves engulfing food to form a food vacuole.
What is phagocytosis?
This type of algae is used to make nori, a common sushi wrap.
What are red algae?
A mass of interconnected hyphae forms this structure.
What is a mycelium?
The visible mushroom cap that produces spores is known as this.
What is the fruiting body?
African sleeping sickness is caused by this flagellated protist.
What is Trypanosoma brucei?
These protists both photosynthesize and consume organic matter.
What are mixotrophs?
These animal-like protists are considered the closest living relatives of animals.
What are choanoflagellates?
The only major group of fungi that is unicellular reproduces by this process.
What is budding?
These single-celled reproductive units allow fungi to reproduce.
What are spores?
The largest and most complex multicellular algae belong to this group.
What are brown algae?
Amoebas move using temporary cytoplasmic extensions called these.
What are pseudopods?
Some protists move using many short hair-like structures called these.
What are cilia?
A symbiotic association between fungi and photosynthetic protist or bacterium is called this.
What are lichens?
Fungi that live in mutualistic relationships with plant roots form these structures
What are mycorrhizae?
In fungi, the fusion of nuclei that forms a diploid zygote is known as this.
What is karyogamy?
These fungal-like protists were once mistaken for fungi because of their multinucleate filaments.
What are oomycetes?
This organelle in some protists removes excess water to prevent the cell from bursting.
What is a contractile vacuole?
A fungal mycelium containing genetically different nuclei is called this.
What is a heterokaryon?
The fusion of cytoplasm between fungal hyphae during sexual reproduction is called this.
What is plasmogamy?
The fungal structure that allows nutrient exchange with plant cells without breaking the membrane is called this.
What is an arbuscule?