Characteristics of Life
The term "Biology" means
The study of life
Viruses are living or nonliving?
Nonliving
Name the (2) types of prokaryotes.
Archaea and Bacteria
Name (2) ways that eukaryotes are different from prokaryotes.
1. Much larger cells
2. Specialized cells
3. Have a nucleus
(any two will work)
Robert Hooke called the empty chambers in cork ___________.
"Cells"
A bird with eggs would be representing which characteristic of life?
Reproduction
The genetic material in a virus is surrounded by a protein coat called the ____________.
Capsid
What is a prokaryote?
Unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus.
The organelle in the cell that makes ribosomes.
Nucleolus
A cow grazing in a field would be representing which characteristic of life?
Energy
HIV, Influenza and Tobacco Mosaic Virus all have what type of genetic material?
RNA
Name the (3) types of Bacteria
1. Bacilli
2. Spirilla
3. Cocci
This organelle regulates the movement in and out of the cell.
Cell Membrane
Noticed tiny organisms living in pond water
Egg --> Tadpole --> Frog
Growth and Development
Name the (3) types of viruses.
1. Plant
2. Animal
3. Bacteriophages
Name (2) ways that Bacteria and Archaea differ.
1. Bacteria live almost everywhere and Archaea live in harsh environments
2. The DNA in Archaea strongly resembles that of a Eukaryote more than bacteria
Name two ways that plant an animal cells differ.
1. Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts
2. Plant cells have a larger vacuole
3. Animal cells have centrioles
(any two will work)
Schwann
Name the (7) Characteristics of life
1. Cells
2. Reproduce
3. Growth and Development
4. Homeostasis
5. Energy
6. Adapt and Evolve
7. Respond
Name the (2) life cycles of viruses and explain each.
1. Lytic Infection--virus enters the cell, reproduces and causes the cell to burst.
2. Lysogenic Infection--host cell is not immediately taken over. DNA is inserted into host DNA and replicates, eventually taking over the cells.
Name the two ways that bacteria reproduce and explain each.
1. Binary Fission--DNA divides in half to form two identical daughter cells.
2. Conjugation--A hollow bridge forms between tww cells to move genetic material
Name two ways the rough and smooth ER differ.
Rough ER--bumpy in appearance (contains ribosomes), helps with making proteins (hair, tissue, muscle)
Smooth ER--smooth in appearance, creates lipids (fats, oils, waxes)
What did Rodolph Virchow conclude about cells?
New cells can only be produced from the division of existing cells.