Genetics
How do mutations occur in the genetic code?
errors in DNA replication during cell division
What is evolution?
the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations
What is natural selection?
Process where organisms that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more
What is DNA?
DNA is the molecule the contains genetic instructions
What is divergent evolution?
Process where closely related species evolve different traits due to different environmental pressures or behaviors
What is a gene?
The basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child
Organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and pass it on
How does natural selection lead to adaptation?
natural selection leads to the evolution of traits that are better suited to the environment
What is the structure of DNA?
double-stranded helix
What is convergent evoltuion?
Process where unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environmental problems
What is a mutation?
a change in the DNA sequence of an organism
What is adaptation?
Trait or behavior that helps an organism survive in its environment
What is a beneficial trait, and how does it relate to natural selection?
a trait that improves an organim's chances of survival and reproduction, and natural selection favors beneficial traits
How does DNA replicate?
the two strands of DNA separate and each strand serves as a template for the formation of a new complementary stand
What is parallel evolution?
Process where related species evolve similar traits deu to similar environmental pressures
What is heredity?
the passing of genetic factors from parents to offspring
What is speciation
Process where new species are formed over time
What is the role of the environment in natural selection?
The environment determines which traits are beneficial and which are not, and natural selection favors organisms with traits that are well-suited for their environment
How does DNA determine traits?
DNA contains the genetic code that determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins
What is an example of divergent evolution?
birds that evolved different beak shapes and sizes to adapt to different food sources
How are traits inherited from parents to offspring?
Through their genes
What is microevolution?
small-scale changes in a population's genetic makeup
How does natural selection lead to the formation of new species?
Natural selection can cause populations of the same species to diverge
What is a mutation?
change in the sequence of DNA bases that can result in a new trait or disease
What is an example of convergent evolution?
The wings of bats and the wings of birds, which evolved independently buts serve a similar function for flight