The Biosphere
The three main life functions of all living things.
Nutrition, interaction, reproduction
Explain the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate.
Vertebrates have a spinal column (or backbone) and an endoskeleton; invertebrates don’t.
Name one flying bird and one flightless bird.
Flying birds: eagles, parrots, vultures, etc.
Flightless birds: ostrich, penguin, kiwi, etc.
Mammals have bodies covered with this.
Hair
This is the simplest group of invertebrate animals and consists of the sponges.
Porifera
These two terms refer to organisms that *can* and *cannot* produce their own food.
Autotroph and heterotroph
All animals, except for sponges, have one of these two types of symmetry.
Radial or bilateral
Name one amphibian with a tail and one amphibian without a tail.
With tail: salamander, newt, etc.
Without tail: frog, toad, etc.Mammals have these five senses.
Sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch
This group includes polyps and jellyfish.
Cnidaria
In this type of cell, genetic material is located inside a nucleus instead of floating freely throughout the cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic
Vertebrates are classified into these three categories according to the source of their food.
Carnivores, herbivores, omnivores
Name three of the four categories of reptile.
Lizards, tortoises, crocodiles, snakes
Give an example of a gland that mammals have.
Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, mammary glands
This group has radial symmetry and includes starfish.
Echinoderms
Name two differences between plant cells and animal cells.
Animals cells have an irregular shape, a nucleus in the center, and the ability to move about freely.
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall and a regular shape, a nucleus located on one side, a large vacuole, and chloroplasts.
Animals can be classified into these three categories according to the source of their food.
Carnivores, herbivores, omnivores
This term refers to reptiles, fish and amphibians whose body temperature varies with the environment.
Poikilothermic (or cold-blooded)
Define homeothermic.
Maintaining a constant body temperature
Tapeworms are platyhelminths. Intestinal worms are nematodes. Leeches are ____.
Annelids
All living things are classified into these five kingdoms.
Animal, plant, fungi, protoctist, monera
Vertebrates have a nervous system formed by these three components.
Brain, spinal cord and nerves
Name one difference between bony fish and cartilaginous fish (aside from their skeletal makeup).
Bony fish have skin covered with overlapping scales, a swim bladder, and an operculum protecting the gills.
Cartilaginous fish have skin covered with small denticles, no swim bladders, and gill slits with no cover.
Name the three types of mammals and how they give birth.
Placentals (placenta), Marsupials (pouch), Monotremes (eggs)
Name two of the four groups of anthropods.
Myriapods, arachnids, crustaceans, insects