Cell 101
Which part of the cell controls all activities and contains DNA?
Nucleus
All living things are made of what basic unit?
Cells
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
What is the only mammal capable of true flight?
Bat
The nucleus controls most of the activities in a eukaryotic cell.
True
The nucleus acts like the control center of the cell, directing functions and storing DNA
What green pigment lets plants capture sunlight for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
What term describes a group of the same species living together in one area?
Population
Which bones protect the lungs and heart?
Ribs
Which giant bird cannot fly but can run very fast?
Ostrich
Plants get their energy from eating soil nutrients.
False.
Plants make their own food through photosynthesis using sunlight.
Name the small structures where proteins are made.
Ribosomes
On which islands did Charles Darwin study finches that inspired his theory of evolution?
Galapagos Islands
What type of cells help the body fight infections?
White blood cells
What land animal has the most powerful bite?
Hippopotamus
Enzymes are used up during chemical reactions and must be constantly replaced by the cell
False
Enzymes are not used up in reactions, they can be reused multiple times as catalysts.
What simple sugar is the cell’s main energy source?
Glucose
What do we call organisms that make their own food from sunlight?
Producers, or Autotrophs
What is the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
Dehydration synthesis combines molecules by the removal of H2O. Hydrolysis breaks apart molecules by adding H2O
Name one animal that can regrow an entire limb, including bone and nerves.
Salamander or Axolotl
During transcription, ribosomes read DNA and build proteins directly.
False
Transcription happens in the nucleus where RNA polymerase makes mRNA. Ribosomes are involved in translation, not transcription.
What is the process called when a cell divides to make two identical cells?
Mitosis
What kingdom includes organisms that absorb nutrients from decaying material
Fungi
What is the major enzyme involved in transcription called?
RNA Polymerase
What mammal has the thickest fur?
Sea Otters
In meiosis, the number of chromosomes is cut in half to produce gametes.
True