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Veins
Blood flows faster in this vessel type than in capillaries, but slower than in large arteries.
Alveoli are surrounded by capillaries. Why?
To maximize surface area for gas exchange
A patient suddenly cannot speak or move one side of the body. What happened?
Stroke
A system that amplifies a change, like during childbirth.
positive feedback
Systolic pressure
The pressure in arteries is highest during ventricular contraction.
During high-intensity exercise, breathing rate increases. Explain the physiological reason.
To maintain oxygen delivery and CO₂ removal from tissues
Excess salt intake primarily affects which cardiovascular parameter?
Blood pressure
attached to bones that allows voluntary movement.
Skeletal muscle
Atria
Chamber walls that are thin because they only push blood a short distance.
The lub-dub sound of the heart is caused by what events?
Closure of atrioventricular valves (lub) and semilunar valves (dub)
Blood vessels that become rigid and less elastic with age or disease.
Arteries
If a coronary artery becomes 90% blocked, predict the effect on heart oxygen supply during exercise.
potential heart attack under stress
The left ventricle wall is thicker than the right. Explain why.
It generates higher pressure to pump blood through the entire systemic circulation
Narrowing of arteries due to fatty deposits is called?
Atherosclerosis
This type of cholesterol is considered “bad” because it contributes to plaque formation.
LDL (Low-density lipoprotein)
The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels and organs; involuntary.
smooth muscle
If the aortic valve fails, predict the impact on ventricular workload and systemic circulation.
Ventricular workload increases; blood may flow backward, reducing efficiency of systemic circulation
Hypertension
High blood pressure over time can cause damage to organs
Predict why atherosclerosis increases the risk of both heart attack and stroke.
Plaques can block arteries in heart or brain, reducing oxygen supply to tissue
whats mrs.Mariam's bloodtype
B+