Unit 3a
Microscopic hairs that line the respiratory tract.
What is cilia?
Air passageways that connect the bronchi to the alveoli.
What are bronchioles?
Artery
What type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
Vein
What type of blood vessel carries blood toward the heart?
These regulate the temperature and humidity of the air breathed in and give resonance to the voice.
What are sinuses?
Larynx
What is located at the top of the trachea (aka voice box)?
Blood moves through this between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
What is the mitral valve?
Blood passes through this before entering the right atrium.
What is the superior/inferior vena cava?
Vital capacity
What is the maximum amount of air a person can forcibly exhale after the largest possible inhalation?
Medulla oblongata
What is the respiratory center of the brain?
The electric pulse uses this to move from the right side of the heart to the left side of the heart.
These help the heart to beat in the most efficient pattern possible, moving the electric pulse 5x faster than the surrounding cells.
What are the Purkinje fibers?
What is internal gas exchange?
Intercostal muscles contract, diaphragm flattens, ribs move up and out
What is the circulation of lymph?
The parasympathetic nervous system is activated, causing vasodilation of blood vessels.
How does the ANS respond to high blood pressure?
The transport of oxygen to body cells and the transport of some carbon dioxide to the lungs.
What is the role of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles are activated by motor neurons while sensory neurons in the lungs monitor for any harmful substances.
How does the medulla oblongata in the brain communicate with respiratory organs in the chest cavity?
Atrioventricular node
What is located in the septum, causing a delay during the heartbeat so that the atria and ventricles don't contract at the same time.
Fluid exchange
What is the process of blood entering a capillary, then losing some plasma and other nutrients to interstitial fluid, then having 90% of that fluid come back into the blood as it leaves the capillary?