DNA & RNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
How many types of RNA are there?
Three(3)
What is the first step of protein synthesis called?
Transcription
What is the second step of protein synthesis called?
Translation
What is a mutation?
A permanent change in the DNA
Why doesn't the DNA leave the nucleus?
DNA is too valuable to leave the nucleus and it might get damaged if it leaves.
What does mRNA stand for?
Messenger RNA(mRNA)
What is the enzyme that makes mRNA?
Where are proteins made?
Ribosomes
What is another name for a point mutation?
Substitution
What molecule is made from DNA?
RNA
Which RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome?
tRNA(Transfer RNA)
What does RNA polymerase attach to on a DNA?
A promoter
How many bases are in a codon?
Three(3)
What type of mutation adds or removes bases?
Insertion or deletion
What molecule carries genetic instructions outside the nucleus?
RNA
Which RNA is found in ribosomes?
rRNA(Ribosomal RNA)
What parts are cut out of mRNA?
Introns
What is the start codon?
AUG
What mutation changes the reading frame?
Frameshift mutation
What do protines help determine?
Traits
Which RNA carries the instructions from DNA?
mRNA(Messenger RNA)
What parts stay in the finished mRNA?
Exons
What is a chain of amino acids called?
Polypeptide
What is it called when part of one chromosome attaches to another chromosome?
Translocation