Bacterial Roles, Interactions & Extremes
These bacteria help recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organic matter.
Decomposers
This part of a virus contains its DNA or RNA.
The core
This is a virus that infects bacteria.
bacteriophage
Bacteria are classified as this type of cell.
Prokaryotic cells
These diagrams show evolutionary relationships between organisms.
Phylogenetic trees
This type of interaction benefits both the bacteria and the host organism.
Mutualism
This protein shell protects the viral genetic material.
The capsid
This is the first step of the lytic cycle, when the virus binds to the host cell.
Attachment
This jelly-like substance fills most of a bacterial cell.
Cytoplasm
In cladistics, this type of trait is shared and recently inherited from a common ancestor.
These bacteria live in extreme environments such as hot springs, salt lakes, or glaciers.
Archaea (extremophiles)
This viral layer is made from lipids taken from the host cell membrane.
The envelope
During this stage, viral genes take over the host cell’s machinery.
Biogenesis
This whip-like structure helps bacteria move.
Flagellum
This type of group includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants.
monophyletic group
These bacteria convert nitrogen gas (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃) that plants can use.
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
Name one viral shape determined by capsid protein arrangement.
cylindrical (helical), polyhedral (icosahedral), or spherical
This stage releases newly made viruses by bursting the host cell.
Lysis
This asexual process produces two identical bacterial cells.
Binary fission
This group includes a common ancestor but not all of its descendants.
Paraphyletic Group
Name two ways humans use bacteria in industry or medicine.
Food production (cheese, yogurt), water treatment, oil spill cleanup, genetic engineering (insulin), or antibiotic production.
Viruses cannot make ATP because they lack these structures.
Organelles
In this cycle, viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome instead of immediately destroying the cell.
Lysogenic Cycle
This process allows bacteria to exchange DNA through a pilus.
Conjugation
This group is considered unnatural because its members do not share a recent common ancestor.
Polyphyletic group