Animal Diversity
Nervous
Endocrine
Sensory
Reproductive
100
Supergroup unikonts: Key characteristics: asymmetrical, asexual reproduction, more cytoplasm flows into pseudopodia until all cytoplasm entered and organism moved
What is amoebozoa
100
Process: production of new neurons, does not occur in cells
What is neurogenesis
100
Gland: no ducts, secret hormone into bloodstream or interstitial fluid
What is endocrine gland
100
Sensory receptors: respond to heat and cod, in mammals, free nerve endings in the skin and tongue
What are thermoreceptors
100
Causes genetic variability, gametes (sperm and egg), favored in unstable changing environments
What is sexual reproduction
200
Tissues: sponges lack tissues
What is parazoa
200
Cells: regulate composition of extracellular fluid in CNS by removing excess K+ ions
What are astrocytes
200
Signaling: endocrine cells release hormones that are transported to target cells by the blood
What is classical endocrine signaling
200
Receptor: transduce mechanical energy, feel, hear, equilibrium, tactile receptors, merkel cells
What are mechanoreceptors
200
Hormone: releases the anterior pituitary to secrete gonadotropic homors
What is GnRH
300
Symmetry: Development of the head where sensory structures are concentrated
What is cephalization
300
Cells: control infection/inflammation through phagocytosis
What is microglia
300
Regulators: modified fatty acids present in most tissues, smooth muscle- contract or relax, causes fever
What are prostaglandins
300
Eye: tough sheet of connective tissue that protects the inner structures and maintain rigidity of eyeball
What is sclera
300
Disorder where fragments of endometrium migrate to other areas
What is endometriosis
400
The process that forms and segregates the 3 germ layers
What is gastrulation
400
Neural signaling: at threshold, voltage-activated Na+ channels open, Na+ rush into neuron
What is depolarization
400
Receptor: transmembrane proteins with a hormone-binding site outside the cell and an enzyme site inside the cell
What are enzyme-linked receptors
400
X-shaped structure where optic nerve crosses the floor of hypothalamus
What is optic chiasm
400
Menstrual cycle: FSH prepare follicle, LH complete maturation, ovulation, rapid estrogen rise
What is preovulation
500
System: water enters through canals lined by collar cells
What is syconoid system
500
Summation: repeated stimuli cause new EPSP to develop before previous EPSP has decayed
What is temporal summation
500
Gland that secretes neurohormones
What is neuroendocrine gland
500
Responsible for the ability to see, consists of opsin
What is rhodopsin
500
Methods: an unfertilized egg develops into an adult (haploid)
What is parthenogenesis
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