Chemistry of life
What is the monomer of proteins
amino acids
Lithops are multicellular organisms found in sandy soil in deserts. They have large, central vacuoles in their cells that store water. What best classifies lithops?
plant
What is DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
Snakes such as boa constrictors and pythons have tiny leg bones buried in their muscles. These leg bones are vestigial structures that have little or no known function in snakes. Which best explains the presence of these vestigial structures in snakes?
previously walked on land
what are the 4 levels or organization in the human body
cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
What is the role of an enzyme
speed up chemical reactions by decreasing activation energy
A cell membrane has a double layer of molecules. These molecules are made up of a phosphorus-containing “head” and two long, fatty acid “tails.” What best explains why the molecules are classified as lipids?
They are made up of fatty acids.
nitrogen base, phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar
There are many fungus species that live
inside plant tissues. What determines
whether the relationship between a
fungus and a plant is commensalism,
mutualism, or parasitism?
The affect on both species (positive, negative, nuetral)
What body system is responsible for controlling sensory and motor functions
nervous system
When proteins are broken down, phenylalanine is sometimes produced. Phenylalanine contains the elements carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. Phenylalanine is which type of compound?
amino acid
The molecule ATP is composed of elements commonly found in organic molecules. Which of the following is one of these elements?
A. aluminum
B. calcium
C. phosphorus
D. tin
Phosphorus
Describe transcription
DNA to RNA
The growth of plants in many ecosystems is limited by the supply of nitrogen. What group of organisms plays the largest role in moving nitrogen between the atmosphere and plants?
What are 2 functions of bone
shape and support, make blood cells and platelets in bone marrow
What is dehydration synthesis
An unfertilized egg cell has six chromosomes. After fertilization, how many chromosomes should the zygote have?
12
Describe incomplete dominance
a blending of a trait
Bacteria that live in the digestive systems of cows help break down the plants that cows eat, providing nutrients to cows. The digestive systems of cows offer a safe environment in which the bacteria can live and reproduce. Which type of relationship exists between the bacteria and the cows?
mutualism
Explain how all body systems work together to maintain homeostasis
varies
What is hydrolysis
water is a reactant, poylmer to monomer
A student places four small aquatic snails in a test tube containing bromothymol blue solution. The solution will change color from blue to yellow if the carbon dioxide level increases. The student seals the test tube and notes that the solution is blue. After a few hours, the student observes that the solution is yellow. What cellular process did the snails perform that caused the color of the solution to change
cellular respiration
Describe independent assortment and the law of segregation
The law of segregation describes how alleles of a gene are segregated into two gametes and reunite after fertilization. The law of independent assortment describes how alleles of different genes independently segregate from each other during the formation of gametes.
name the 3 types of symbiotic relationship with examples
mutualism, parasitism, commensalism,
How does the circulatory system and respiratory system function together
varies