Cell Structure & Function
What type of bonds are responsible for bonding the A-T and C-G in DNA?
weak hydrogen bonds
A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What happens to the cell?
It will expand.
A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped?
A. osmosis
B. photosynthesis
C. protein synthesis
D. respiration
What is C-Protein Synthesis
What is fermentation and when does it occur?
Fermentation is an anaerobic metabolic process in which microorganisms, such as yeast and bacteria, convert sugars into energy without the use of oxygen. During fermentation, glucose or other carbohydrates are broken down, producing energy (ATP) and various byproducts, such as alcohol, carbon dioxide, or lactic acid.
Which organelle is responsible for making proteins?
ribosomes
This process occurs in the nucleus and produces a molecule of mRNA
What is Transcription
glucose and oxygen
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
A Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
B Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
C Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
D Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
What is-D Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
Bromothymol blue is used to detect the presence of carbon dioxide in a solution. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in water, it forms carbonic acid, which lowers the pH. What color change would you expect to observe in bromothymol blue when carbon dioxide is bubbled into a neutral solution?
blue to yellow
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing lipids?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What type of mutation is occurring:
AUG- CGC - CAG
AAU - GCG- CCA - G
Frameshift - insertion
In humans, glucose is kept in balance in the bloodstream by insulin. Which concept does this best illustrate?
What is Homeostasis
When red blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, what is the expected outcome for the cells?
The cells will shrink due to water leaving the cell.
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form a nucleotide which is the building block (monomer) of which organic compound?
What is Nucleic Acid
Where does transcription and translation occur in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
prokaryotes: both in cytoplasm
eukaryotes: transcription-nucleus and translation-cytoplasm
Placing wilted lettuce in cold water will make it crisp again. Which statement best describes what happens to restore the lettuce to its original condition?
A. Water left the lettuce cells by diffusion.
B. Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis.
C. Osmosis caused salts to enter the lettuce cells.
D. Salts in the leaf caused water to leave the cells.
B-Water entered the cells of the lettuce by osmosis.
Which of the following statements about cellular respiration is true?
A) Cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of light.
B) The primary purpose of cellular respiration is to convert glucose into carbon dioxide and water.
C) Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
D) The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is lactic acid.
B!
Which will most likely happen if the plants are removed from the carbon cycle?
A. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase.
B. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease.
C. The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase.
D. The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease.
A
Which of the following organelles is primarily responsible for the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins for secretion or delivery to other organelles?
Golgi apparatus
What type of mutation occurs when TAG turns to AAG? And would this likely effect the protein created?
Substitution and yes.
The cell membrane is made up primarily of which macromolecules:
Lipids
What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?
Enzymes act as catalysts to lower the required activation energy so that chemical reactions can happen at a faster rate.
When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true?
A. Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.
B. Growth and immigration rate is greater than death and emigration rate.
C. Growth and immigration rate is less than death and emigration rate.
D. Growth rate is exponential.
What is A. Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.