Name two macromolecules that provide energy to cells
Carbohydrates (short term)
Lipids (stored)
100
In which cellular organelle does the following reaction take place?
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Chloroplast
100
What barrier selectively allows only certain materials to enter and exit the cell?
Cell membrane
100
In osmosis, water always moves from an area of _____ to an area of _____.
HIGH CONCENTRATION/ low concentration
100
What happens to important human enzymes if a sick person's temperature goes up beyond 103 degrees for very long?
The enzymes denature (are destroyed) and the person may not survive.
200
Amino acids are the building blocks of which macromolecule?
Protein
200
Name the overall process that results in the production of ATP in Mitochondria.
Cellular respiration
200
What organelles actually make proteins?
Ribosomes
200
When molecules are forced to move across a membrane from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration, this is called __________ transport.
Active transport
200
What color of light would be the WORST wavelengths for growing a green plant?
green
300
Fats, oils, and waxes are all examples of...
Lipids
300
The following are the products. Name the process AND the reactants...
CO2 + H2O
Cellular respiration
Reactants:
Glucose and O2
300
What prevents a plant cell from absorbing too much water and exploding?
Cell wall
300
A red blood cell is placed in 100% pure water.
What type of solution is the cell in? (hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic)
hypotonic
300
A cell before mitosis has a diploid number of 22. How many chromosomes do each of the daughter cells have at the end of mitosis?
22
400
Proteins can do something that most other molecules cannot do. What is the particular talent of proteins?
They can change their shapes.
400
The reactants of photosynthesis are the same as the _________ of cellular respiration
The reactants of photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration.
400
What animal organelle digests worn out cell parts, and destroys virus infected cells?
Lysosome
400
What would happen to a cell floating in hypertonic solution?
It would shrivel.
400
A scientist wants to closely examine the structure of cilia on a protist species. Specifically, what would be the best type of microscope to use?
SEM- a scanning electron microscope.
500
What proteins act as biological catalysts when they attach to their substrates?
enzymes
500
Cellular Respiration cannot take place without the availability of _____.
Oxygen
500
What animal organelle attaches spindle fibers to centromeres to separate chromosomes in anaphase?
Centrioles
500
What provides the energy to power the active transport of large, polar substances into a cell?
ATP
500
Describe the role of enzymes in chemical reactions.
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.