Cells and their Functions
A scientist watched a cell as it exploded. Was the cell an isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic solution?
What is hypotonic solution.
A rigid structure on the outside of certain cells.
What is a cell wall.
The process where plants take sunlight and water to turn carbon dioxide into oxygen.
What is photosynthesis.
Who is considered the father of cytology?
Cloth merchants/Robert Hooke.
The 16th century.
The ability to disrupt or circulate molecules from one part of a cell to another.
What is transport.
If the plasma membrane were made out of regular lipids it could never reassemble. Why?
Regular lipids have no hydrophilic end; therefore they do not have the ability to self-reassemble.
Describe Cytoplasmic Streaming.
The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell's content.
What was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek's first occupation before going into cytology?
Cloth Merchant.
Biology has been around for thousands of years. How many years have we as a people contributed significant knowledge to the study of biology?
Since the mid 1800's
The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure.
What is cytolysis.
What is a ribosome.
The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane from an area of high-water concentration to low-water concentration.
What is osmosis.
The inventors of the first microscope.
Who were Hans and Zacharias Janssen.
What year was the nucleus in plant cells discovered?
1833.
Lactose intolerant people cannot digest the disaccharide lactose due to the lack of an enzyme. Which organelle in the cells of lactose intolerant people does not have what it needs to get its job done.
What are lysosomes.
A Larger membrane bound organelle used for storing food or water.
What is a vacuole.
What three fibers make up the cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments, and Microtubules.
Who proposed that all animal tissues are composed of cells?
Who was Theodor Schwann.
What year was the first transmission electron microscope created?
1931.
Name all 12 functions of cells.
Ingestion, Digestion, Respiration, Transport, Homeostasis, Synthesis, Secretion, Excretion, Egestion, Irritability, Movement, Reproduction.
Describe how vesicles transport large molecules out of a cell.
Vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and empty their contents outside the cell through the process of exocytosis.
Describe the difference between passive transport of substances through cells versus active transport of substances through cells.
Passive does not need energy input. Active does.
Who was the first person to observe protozoa/bacteria?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
What year were the first microorganisms identified, and by which two people?
1674/Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke.