Cell Biology
The property of water that allows it to stick to other surfaces, for example, water droplets on a leaf
A strand of DNA is replicated, what is the new sequence if the template strand reads ACCGTA
TGGCAT
Diagram used to show evolutionary relationships
Cladogram
The maximum number of individuals of a species that an ecosystem can hold
Carrying capacity
The variable that is changed during an experiment.
Independent variable
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Enzymes
Semi-conservative
Structures that are no longer useful to organisms, but were once useful to the ancestors; Provides evidence of evolution
Vestigial structures
How much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next? (i.e. producers > primary consumer)
10%
The Father of Evolution
Charles Darwin
List two organelles that deal with making, modifying, or transporting proteins
Ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
Rough ER
Brown fur is dominant to tan fur in mice. A tan mouse is bred with a heterozygous brown mouse. What is the probability that the offspring will be brown?
50%
Organisms with beneficial adaptations survive and pass down their traits
Natural selection
Organisms that eat meat and plants
Omnivore
The internal processes that occur in order to keep stability
Homeostasis
Facilitated diffusion
Flowers can come in white (recessive), pink (heterozygous), or red (dominant). This type of inheritance is described as:
Incomplete dominance
The same basic structure, but different function (such as the arm bones of humans and the fins of whales); Provides evidence of evolution
Homologous structures
A non-native species that is introduced into an ecosystem and begins to compete for resources with the native species
Invasive species
The result of meiosis. (number of cells, type of cells, haploid/diploid)
4 cells
gametes
haploid
The formula for cellular respiration
Glucose + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP
List and describe the steps of protein synthesis (give the name of the step and what is made during that step)
Step 2: translation (mRNA > protein)
The type of genetic drift in which a large number of the population dies, leaving a small population with less genetic diversity
Bottleneck effect
In an ecosystem snakes eat salamanders, and salamanders eat earthworms. How would the earthworms be affected if a large number of snakes are caught and moved out of the region as a part of a conservation program?
The number of earthworms would decrease
On a human karyotype, how many chromosomes are displayed?
46