Genetics
What is a different version of the same gene?
Allele
Name the genetic disorder that produces thick sticky mucus in the lungs
Cystic Fibrosis
What animals have been selectively bred from wolves
Dogs
What is genetic engineering?
Changing the DNA of an organism
What type of organism is yeast?
Single-celled fungus
What allele always shows up in the characteristics if present in the DNA?
Dominant
Is the allele for cystic fibrosis dominant or recessive?
Recessive
Name a desirable characteristic in breeding sheep?
High yield of milk, high quality wool, resistant to disease, fast growth rate
What type of organism has been genetically modified to produce medicines for humans?
Bacteria
What does anaerobic mean?
Without oxygen
What allele only shows up in the characteristics if 2 are present in the DNA?
Recessive
What is the probability of inheriting cystic fibrosis if one parent is a carrier and the other parent has 2 dominant alleles?
0%
What is the next stage in selective breeding when 2 parents have been chosen that have the desired characteristic?
Breed them together
Why is genetic engineering more efficient than selective breeding?
More precise, quicker
What happens to milk when it is pasteurised?
Heated to a high temperature
What colour eyes will a baby have if they have the following allele? Bb
Brown
What is the name of the genetic disorder that produces 6 fingers on each hand?
Polydactyly
Name a disadvantage of selectively breeding pedigree dogs?
Higher risk of genetic disorders
What type of reproduction do bacteria perform?
Asexual reproduction
What is the word equation for FERMENTATION?
Glucose------> Ethanol + Carbon dioxide (+energy)
What is the probability of producing a child with blue eyes if both parents are Bb?
25%
What is the probability of a child inheriting polydactyly if both parents have 1 recessive (normal) allele?
75%
What does a decrease in biodiversity mean?
Reducing variety of DNA in a population which could lead to useful genes being lost.
What is a clone?
Organisms that have identical DNA
What is lactose fermented into during cheese/yoghurt production?
lactic acid