Food Webs & Energy
What type of organism is at the base of a food web?
Producers (usually plants or algae)
What are the two main inputs for the process of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide and water
What is the most diverse ecosystem on Earth?
Rainforest
What are the two main products of cellular respiration?
The two main products of cellular respiration are ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and carbon dioxide.
What is the basic unit of life?
The basic unit of life is the cell.
Name the three main types of organisms in a food web.
Producers, consumers, and decomposers
Name the primary pigment responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
Differentiate between a population and a community in an ecosystem.
A population consists of individuals of the same species in a specific area, while a community includes all the populations of different species that interact in the same area
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces a large amount of ATP, while anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen and produces a small amount of ATP.
Differentiate between a cell, tissue, organ, and organ system.
A cell is the basic unit of life; tissues are made up of a group of similar cells working together; organs are composed of different tissues working together; and organ systems are groups of organs that work together to perform specific functions.
Explain the difference between a food chain and a food web.
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where each organism is consumed by the next in the chain, while a food web consists of multiple interconnected food chains.
Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and the oxygen produced in the process.
During photosynthesis, plants produce oxygen as a byproduct when water molecules are split and used to turn carbon dioxide into glucose.
How do organisms in an ecosystem interact with their environment to maintain balance?
Organisms interact with their environment through processes such as predation, competition, and symbiosis, contributing to the overall balance and stability of the ecosystem.
Explain the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration.
Mitochondria are the organelles where cellular respiration takes place, providing the necessary environment for the production of ATP through the process of aerobic respiration.
What are the cells in your brain called?
Neurons
What is the role of decomposers in a food web?
Decomposers break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
How does the process of photosynthesis contribute to the production of food for the ecosystem?
Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, which serves as food for plants and the organisms that consume them.
What is a keystone species?
A keystone species is an organism that has a very large impact on the surrounding ecosystem despite often having a relatively small population size. Keystone species play a vital role in maintaining the health and biodiversity of their environment.
Describe the overall purpose of cellular respiration in living organisms.
The overall purpose of cellular respiration is to convert the energy stored in nutrients into ATP, which is the usable form of energy for the cell's metabolic processes.
Describe the functions of different organelles within a cell and how they contribute to the cell's overall function.
Different organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus have specific functions such as DNA storage, energy production, protein synthesis, and cellular transport, contributing to the overall function of the cell.
Describe the flow of energy in a food web, including the concepts of producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers
Energy flows from producers (plants or algae) to primary consumers (herbivores), then to secondary consumers (carnivores or omnivores), and finally to decomposers, which recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Describe the overall function of photosynthesis in the ecosystem.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy, providing the foundation for the flow of energy through the ecosystem and the production of oxygen essential for many forms of life.
How do human activities impact the biodiversity and ecological levels?
Human activities can lead to habitat destruction, pollution, and the introduction of invasive species, disrupting ecological balance and leading to biodiversity loss.
How does the process of cellular respiration contribute to the cycling of matter in ecosystems?
Cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere as a byproduct, which can be taken up by producers (plants) during photosynthesis, thus contributing to the cycling of carbon in ecosystems.
Name 3 body systems.
Nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system