cheese
what are the two components of the internal environment?
Blood and intersticial plasma
what are the three types of blood cells?
erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
What are the two chambers of the heart?
Atrium and ventricle
Which is a decrease in the number of red blood cells?
Anaemia or hemophilia?
anaemia
who has thinner walls: arteries or veins?
veins
what fills the existing spaces between cells?
intersticial plasma
what are the 3 functions of blood?
1. transport of nutrients, oxygen, waste products
2. defence against infections
3. regulation of body temperature
_______ carry blood AWAY from the heart.
Arteries
what is a hereditary disease that is charasterised by the absence of certain proteins from the blood plasma that are needed for blood coagulation?
Hemophilia
What is a varicose vein?
abnormal dilatations of veins.
what is the function of the capillaries?
allows the exchange of molecules between blood and cells.
what does the blood in the capillaries do?
provides cells with nutrients and oxygen and removes waste products and carbon dioxide.
What is inflammation of the endocardium caused by a bacterial infection?
Endocarditis
What is thrombosis?
the formation of a blood clot inside an artery
What is double blood circulation
Blood has to travel twice through the heart in order to complete the whole circuit.
true or false: an aneurism is an abnormal dilatation of an artery
false; blood vessel
what is the function of thrombocytes?
allow blood to coagulate (blood clotting).
what type of circulation is this: The blood never leaves the blood vessels.
closed
What is the difference between a heart attack and heart failure?
Heart failure is when the heart is unable to provide adequate blood flow for the body’s needs and a heart attack is lack of blood in the myocardium due to an
obstruction of one of the heart’s coronary arteries
what stops blood from going backwards?
valves
describe the diastole step of a heartbeat
The heart relaxes and sucks blood coming from the cava and pulmonary veins into the atriums.
what makes up plasma?
water with minerals (90%), nutrients (glucose, amino acids, vitamins...), waste products (urea, uric acid, CO2 ), proteins and dissolved hormones.
describe the order of the pulmonary circuit
right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle
What is leukaemia?
an excesive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells, as well as a decrease in the number of normal blood cells.
true or false: in a complete circulation, Oxygenated blood proceeding from the lungs mixes with deoxygenated blood coming from the rest of the body.
false. it never mixes