vocab
Microevolution
Evolution on a small scale as it relates to allele frequencies in a
population
Fill in the blank with the type of gene transfer that matches each description:
A bacteriophage is required _______________________.
Transduction
What describes the large variety of organic compounds used as food by a fungus?
Substrate
what is natural selection?
More offspring produced than can survive
• Competition for limited resources
• Individual with beneficial heritable traits are more likely to survive
and reproduce
The form of speciation that requires the emergence of a reproductive barrier that isolates a subset of a population from the remainder of the population in the same area is
Answers: a.
sympatric.
b.
geographic isolation.
c.
reduced hybrid fertility.
d.
allopatric.
sympatric
Evolution
The heritable changes that populations of organisms undergo from one generation to the next.
Change the below statement to make it true:
Bacteria can have multiple different chromosome types, but only one chromosome of that type.
Bacteria only have ONE type of chromosome, but can have MULTIPLE copies of it
Ecological and economic significance of green algae
1. Food source for aquatic animals
2. Cause harmful algal blooms
3. Used as model laboratory organisms
True or false
Homology is the same set of bones similarity
false, Homologous stem from common ancestor
what are commonly used characteristics to identify a species?
morphological traits
reproductive isolation
molecular features
ecological factors
evolutionary relationships
Drawbacks
Different groups of sometimes display very similar
Fill in the blanks regarding transduction:
Bacteriophages are ________ that infect bacterial cells.
viruses
The _____________ is a process that distinguishes between two types of bacteria based on chemical structure of their cell wall.
Gram-stain
theory of descent with modification through ____________________________ and ___________________________.
variation; natural selection
what are ecological factors?
an organisms habitat may be used to distinguish species
convergent evolution
where two different species from different lineages become similar due to their shared environment.
Fill in the blank with the plasmid type that is described:
Plasmids that contain genes making them pathogenic _____________________.
Virulence plasmids
What is the mycelium is made of what?
Hyphae
in each generation, more ________________ are produced than can survive
offspring
what is it called when two different species produce an offspring?
an interspecies hybrid
microorganisms (microbes)
typically so small that they can only be seen with the use of a microscope; include organisms from all three domains
Bacteria reproduce via asexual reproduction, which produces two identical daughter cells. Despite this, bacteria are very genetically diverse. Explain this.
○This can occur through mutations
○This can also occur through gene transfers, wherein DNA is transferred between different cells
Ways that fungi sexual reproduction is similar to plant reproduction.
1. Gametes unite to produce tte next generation
2. Meiosis produces spores
3. Fertilization produces zygotes
Define Polymorphism
presence of two or more variants or traits for a
given character within a population
what are the outcomes of hybrid zones?
1. Reinforcement
2. Fusion
3. Stability