Cell Structure & Function
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Site of cellular respiration, producing ATP
What do enzymes do to activation energy?
Lower it
During what stage of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What is the monomer of nucleic Acids?
Nucleotide
Where ATP is made.
Mitochondria
What are the two main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
What happens to an enzyme when the pH or temperature changes drastically?
The enzyme denatures and loses its function
What are the three main phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
What macromolecule is used for long term energy & Storage?
Lipids
Can propel the entire cell through fluids.
Flagella
Explain the role of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane.
It provides a selectively permeable barrier that controls what enters and exits the cell.
What is the role of the active site on an enzyme?
It binds to the substrate and facilitates the reaction.)
What is the process of programmed cell death called?
Apoptosis
What is the monomer for Carbohydrates?
Monosacchrides
Where lipids are made.
Smooth ER
What is the role of the centrioles during cell division? (
They help organize the microtubules and pull chromosomes apart during anaphase.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
Proteins
What happens during the differentiation of stem cells?
They specialize into specific types of cells based on gene expression
What macromolecule is considered the informational molecule?
Nucleic Acid
Critical for cell division.
Centriole or centrosome
What two macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer?
Carbs & Proteins
List 3 things about enzymes.
-Specific
-Protein
-Biological Catalyst
-reusable
Interphase (S Phase)
What are the monomers for Lipids?
Fatty Acids
Where rRNA is made.
Nucleolus