Cell Theory and Cell Types
All living things are made of what?
Answer: Cells
This organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell.”
Answer: Mitochondria
What is the overall purpose of photosynthesis?
Answer: To convert sunlight into chemical energy stored in glucose
What is the goal of cellular respiration?
Answer: To convert glucose into ATP
Photosynthesis is endothermic or exothermic?
Answer: Endothermic
What are the two types of cells?
Answer: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
This structure controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Answer: Cell membrane
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Answer: Carbon dioxide and water
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
Answer: Glucose and oxygen
Cellular respiration is endothermic or exothermic?
Answer: Exothermic
This type of cell has no nucleus and divides by binary fission.
Answer: Prokaryotic
This organelle processes, sorts, and ships proteins.
Answer: Golgi apparatus
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Answer: Glucose and oxygen
This first stage occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen.
Answer: Glycolysis
Which process makes oxygen?
Answer: Photosynthesis
These four structures are found in ALL cells.
Answer: Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, genetic material
These organelles break down waste and dead cell parts and are found only in animal cells.
Answer: Lysosomes
This stage of photosynthesis occurs in the grana and makes ATP and NADPH.
Answer: Light-dependent reaction (Electron Transport Chain)
Which stage produces the MOST ATP?
Answer: Electron Transport Chain
What is this 3-carbon molecule produced when glucose is split in half during glycolysis?
Pyruvate
Organelles are described as what inside the cell?
Specialized structures that work together to help the cell function (mini organs)
This plant-only organelle contains grana and stroma and performs photosynthesis.
Answer: Chloroplast
This stage occurs in the stroma and makes glucose.
Answer: Calvin Cycle (Light-independent reaction)
How many total ATP are produced during aerobic respiration?
Answer: 36–38 ATP
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