Random Biology
The presence of what organelle would be most helpful in classifying a cell as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
nucleus
Which biomolecule is fundamental to the function of biological membranes, such as cell membranes?
lipid
Cells differ from viruses in that only cells contain_____________?
organelles
Enzymes involved in the breakdown of fats contribute to the reaction in which way? These enzymes -
increase the speed of the reaction
What describes a characteristic common to both osmosis and diffusion? Both osmosis and diffusion–
only move substances from high to low concentration and/or passive transport
Which organelle can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
ribosome
Carbohydrate
Viruses have structures that allow them to inject their genetic material directly into the DNA of the host cell. This strategy benefits the virus in that it
uses the host’s machinery to replicate
How do enzymes make chemical reactions more efficient?
decrease the activation energy that is require for the chemical reaction to occur
What allows molecules, water, and oxygen can enter a cell is determined by the-
permeability of the cell membrane
What provides evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA similar to prokaryotic DNA
Fats, steroids, and waxes are all examples of–
lipid
Viruses use two different cycles of replication, the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle. In what way is the lysogenic cycle different from the lytic cycle?
the host cell is not destroyed immediately (The lytic cycle will kill the host cell quicker by releasing new viruses)
What occurs as the result of a substrate fitting into its specified active site on an enzyme?
The new product will form
The external conditions that would cause a cell to shrivel or swell in size are those in which the-
solute to solution ratio within a cell is not in equilibrium or isotonic state
Both euglena and cynobacteria are photosynthesis unicellular organisms found in pond water. The feature that distinguishes euglena from cyanbacteria is...
presence of a nuclear membrane (nucleus)
Collagen, antibodies, enzymes, and myoglobin are examples of–
proteins
does not have the correct surface proteins to attach to the other cells
What affects the normal functioning of an enzyme?
pH and temperature affects the activity of an enzyme
The difference between active and passive transport is that–
active transport requires energy to move molecules up a concentration gradient, and passive transport does not
Lysosomes are a type of organelle in eukaryotes. What do they do?
break down cellular waste
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder in which the hemoglobin responsible for transporting oxygen is misformed. The disease begins with a mutation in a _______________ acid, which results in a structural difference in a_____________________?
nucleic acid & protein
Both viruses and living cells contain
DNA
The lining of the small intestine produces lactase. Lactase breaks down large polymers in lactose to monomers for absorption through the lining of the intestine. Those people who don’t produce lactase -
not capable of breaking down lactose
Which of the following scenarios represents an example of osmosis?
- Blood vessels transport glucose to cells.
- Blood vessels transport glucose to cells.
- Limp celery becomes crisp in water.
- Sweating lowers body temperature.
Limp celery becomes crisp in water.