Classifications of Living Things
The tropical regions are incredibly rich in these.
Where are most species located?
This group of plants can be divided into: conifers (pine, sequoia, cypress), which have flowers known as strobiles (cones); cycads (very ancient gymnosperms, such as cycads used in garden architecture, which also form strobiles); gnetaceae (gnetum); and ginkgos (the only known species is Ginkgo biloba).
What are the main divisions and representative species of gymnosperms?
The reproductive structures on the underside of the frond. Each is a capsule that contains spores. They are usually aggregated into clusters called sori.
What is sporangia?
Instead of roots, a moss has tiny hairlike threads called rhizoids, which grow into the soil to absorb water and minerals.
How are mosses different from other bryophytes, namely hornworts and liverworts?
What is algae?
Naming, describing, and classifying organisms into different categories based on their characteristics is the definitions of this classification process.
What is taxonomy?
These plants are the typical vegetation of cold regions such as the taiga or boreal forest, of the northern hemisphere, or the araucaria forests of the southern hemisphere.
What parts of the globe is the abundance of gymnosperm noteworthy?
They belong to the lower vascular plant division Pteridophyta, having leaves usually with branching vein systems.
What is a fern?
What are mosses?
Diatomaceous earth (diatomite) are used in toothpaste, scouring powders, filters, bricks, tiles, ceramics and dynamite. Algin, carrageenan, agar, dulse, and nori are other examples.
What are some useful products derived from algae?
Largely as a result of Charles Darwin`s research, many other 19th century naturalists began to reject the idea of a static natural world in favor of an evolving one. It was only a small step, then, to see the results of it in taxonomy
When did the Western biological sciences begin to think of taxonomy as a reflection of evolutionary distances?
Like all plants, they have a diplobiontic life cycle, that is, the alternation of generations with diploid and haploid stages. The lasting (final) stage is the diploid one.
What is the life cycle of gymnosperms?
Some types of ferns can live up to 100 years.
What is the lifespan of ferns?
This accumulation of of various partially decayed plant materials collect in swamps and marshes over a period of time.
What is peat?
These produce spores in microscopic club-shaped structures called basidia.
What characteristic do all club fungi have in common?
Fossils are the only way that we know of specific species from the past. Most of those species have already become extinct, and, if the paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould is correct, 99% of them left no fossils for us to discover.
What happened to evidence of most ancient species like the Wollemi Pine?
The microsporangia in the male strobile rupture at the right time of year, releasing thousands of pollen grains. Since their pollen grains have “wings”, they can be transported by the wind over distances. When the pollen grains fall into the female strobiles, they pass the micropyle and enter the pollen chamber. This process is called pollination.
How do fertilization and zygote formation occur in gymnosperm plants?
Lycophyta is a group of vascular plants that includes whisk ferns, scouring rushes, and these.
What are club mosses?
A tuft of moss consists of male and female gametophytes. After an egg cell is fertilized by a sperm cell, the sporophyte grows from the top of the female gametophyte. A capsule or spore case falls in a moist place and begins to send out a mass of fine threads.
What is moss reproduction?
Bacteria help separate the solid, white curd from the watery whey of milk. After this separation, most types of cheese are placed in a cool location to age. The distinct texture, color, and flavor of some cheeses like camembert, brie, and blue cheeses come from these organisms.
How are molds used to make cheese?
Only about 1 3/4 million of this classification of plants, animals, and other types of creatures have been scientifically described and named.
How many species have been given scientific names?
Their seeds are formed from the differentiation of the megasporangia of the female strobiles (cones). After an oosphere is fertilized, the female gametophyte produces the haploid (n) primary endosperm (nutritive tissue that covers the embryo) and the covering of the megasporangium turns into the diploid (2n) seed shell.
How are gymnosperm seeds formed?
The above ground parts are used to make medicine. It is used for “fluid retention” (edema), kidney and bladder stones, urinary tract infections, the inability to control urination (incontinence), and general disturbances of the kidney and bladder.
What is horsetail or Equisetum?
Like mosses, these plants, are nonvascular plants. They lack true leaves, roots, and stems and grow along the surface of the soil, attached by rhizoids. The plants often look like tiny leaves. The male and female reproductive structures look like little umbrellas that rise about an inch above the flat body of the plant. Generally they grow in moister places than moss.
What are Liverworts?
When conditions favor growth, these organisms reproduce by budding; an extension of the cell forms and breaks off to form a new cell. When conditions are unfavorable for growth, these cells form four spores which will germinate when conditions again favor growth.
How do yeasts reproduce?