Mechanisms of Genetics
This is the process by which DNA is copied before cell division.
What is replication?
This organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP.
What is the mitochondria?
This scientist proposed the theory of natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin?
This term describes all living and nonliving things in an area.
What is an ecosystem?
This molecule carries genetic instructions and is passed from parents to offspring.
What is DNA?
These are the two alleles that are the same for a trait.
What is homozygous?
This process converts light energy into chemical energy in plants.
What is photosynthesis?
This is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
These organisms make their own food using sunlight.
What are producers?
A student notices that after intense exercise, muscle cells require more oxygen and glucose. Which two systems are working together to meet this need, and why?
What are the circulatory and respiratory systems to deliver oxygen and nutrients for cellular respiration?
This type of inheritance occurs when one allele masks the expression of another.
What is dominant inheritance?
This structure controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
These are similarities in structures due to common ancestry.
What are homologous structures?
This is the role of an organism in its environment.
What is a niche?
A mutation in a plant results in thicker leaves that reduce water loss. Over time, this trait becomes common in a dry environment. What two biological concepts explain this change?
What are adaptation and natural selection?
This structure carries genetic information and is found in the nucleus.
What is a chromosome?
This system transports oxygen, nutrients, and wastes throughout the body.
What is the circulatory system?
This type of structure has a similar function but different evolutionary origins.
What are analogous structures?
This occurs when one organism benefits and the other is harmed.
What is parasitism?
A toxin damages ribosomes in a cell. How does this affect both cell function and the organism as a whole?
What is protein synthesis stops, disrupting cell processes and overall organism function?
This process produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
What is meiosis?
This process maintains internal balance in an organism.
What is homeostasis?
This evidence for evolution includes fossils and comparative anatomy.
What is fossil record (or evidence from fossils)?
This is the movement of energy through a food chain or web.
What is energy flow?
A decrease in producers leads to less available energy in an ecosystem. How does this impact both population sizes and energy transfer?
What is decreased populations and reduced energy flow through trophic levels?