Basic Biological Principles
Would bacteria be classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
What is a prokaryote?
Water sticks to other water molecules and makes hydrogen bonds. What is the name of this property?
What is cohesion?
Good source of fast energy
Where does photosynthesis occur in a plant cell?
What is a chloroplast?
The plasma membrane is composed of the phospholipid
What is the bilayer?
What characteristic of life is directly related to maintaining stable internal conditions?
The ocean absorbs a large amount of energy. What property of water is being described?
In order for a compound to be considered organic what must it have?
What is carbon? (often needs hydrogen to be organic- CO and CO2 are exceptions: they are inorganic)
What is released by the plant after photosyntheisis?
Oxygen and sugar (glucose)
Proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane allow for what to happen?
Selectively allow particles in and out of the cell.
Cell-> tissue-> __________ -> ___________
Organ, organ system
An enzyme is outside of it's optimal range. What occurs?
What is denature?
The process of combining monomers together to create a polymer
What is dehydration synthesis?
The energy in ATP is stored where?
Between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate group in the bond
The cell needs to take in a large number of molecules that are outside of the cell. What process will it use to bring these molecules in and what will it form to carry them in?
Endocytosis
Vesicle
What structures do plant cells have and not animal cells?
Large central vacuole
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
A person lacks the enzyme lactase that breaks down lactose, the sugar in milk. What will happen to the person when they consume dairy?
Their body will not be able to metabolize (breakdown) the sugar lactose.
Water is the universal solvent and cannot mix with oil. This is because oil is ______ while water is ________
Nonpolar; polar
Plant cells do both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. What product of photosynthesis is used as a reactant in cellular respiration?
Sugar (glucose)
A cell has a solute concentration of 25%. It is put in a solution that has a solute concentration of 10%. What will happen to the cell?
Water will move into the cell causing it to swell
What structures do all cells have in common?
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Genetic info (DNA)
An enzyme works as a catalyst by doing what in the reaction?
Lowers the activation energy
To breakdown a protein what type of bonds are broke and what is the name of the process taking a polymer and breaking it down into the monomer?
Polypeptide bond
Hydrolysis
During what step is the most ATP produced in cellular respiration and approximately how much?
Electron transport chain
32-26
What are the two ways that active transport is different than passive transport?
Active needs energy.
Molecules are moving from low to high concentration (moving against the gradient)