Properties of Water
Water molecules bind to each other through this type of bonding
What are hydrogen bonds?
The building blocks of proteins
What are amino acids?
This type of molecule speeds up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process
What is an enzyme?
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is diffusion?
This molecule is the main energy currency of a cell
What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?
The ability to dissolve many substances due to polarity
What is universal solvent?
This macromolecule is the body's main source of quick energy
What are carbohydrates?
The specific region where a substrate binds and the reaction takes place
What is the active site?
This type of transport requires no energy and includes osmosis and facilitated diffusion
What is passive transport?
This organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it produces ATP.
What is the mitochondrion?
Helps to regulate temperature in the environment
What is specific heat?
These macromolecules store genetic information in cells
The model describing how an enzyme and its subtrate fit together
What is the induced fit model (lock and key)?
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
What is osmosis?
This process breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy
What is cellular respiration?
The attraction between water molecules (same)
What is cohesion?
This type of macromolecule includes fats, oils and waxes and is not soluble in water.
What are lipids?
This term refers to a substance that reduces the activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur
What is a catalyst?
This type of transport uses energy to move molecules against the concentration gradient
What is active transport?
This process occurs in both plants and animals and involves the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP without using oxygen
What is anaerobic respiration?
Property of water that allows it to travel up plant roots and stems against gravity
What is capillary action?
This is the term for a large molecule made of repeating subunits called monomers
What is a polymer
This process describes how an enzyme loses its shape and function due to factors like extreme heat or pH levels
What is denaturation?
The process that allows large particles to enter a cell by engulfing them in a vesicle.
What is endocytosis?
The conversion of light energy into chemical energy in glucose
What is photosynthesis?