DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What are the two causes of species variation?
Sexual reproduction and mutation
What are the two types of Purines?
Adenine
Guanine
What is DNA transcribed into during transcription?
RNA
How many molecules of DNA and protein make up chromosomes?
One single molecule
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides
What determines the specialization a cell will have?
The sequence that is being expressed
What are the two types of pyrimidines?
Cytosine
Thymine
What is mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA?
mRNA= messenger RNA
tRNA= transfer RNA
rRNA= ribosome RNA
Where are chromosomes found?
Within the nucleus of the cell
What are nucleotides made of?
Nitrogen Bade, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group
True or False: Cell Differentiation helps with the renewal of cells and without it embryo's couldn't develop into adults
What pairs with adenine?
Thymine
What are the bases for RNA?
Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine
During reproduction the offspring gets how many gametes from their mother and how many gametes from their father?
One from mother and one from father
Phosphate group bonds to _________
Nitrogen base bonds to _____________
Phosphate group binds to the sugar of the next nucleotide.
Nitrogen base bonds to the other nitrogen baseWhat happens when a gene in DNA is changed in a way that changes the genetic message carried by a gene?
Mutation
What pairs with cytosine?
Guanine
AUG is the _____ codon
Start
How many copies of the 21st chromosomes do people with Down Syndrome have?
3
What is the twisted ladder of 2 stranded DNA called?
Double Helix
True or False: A species with more variation is less likely to survive the changes in the environment
False.
More variation means more likely
If the left side is ACTG, what is the right side?
TGAC
UAA
UGA
UAG
are all the _____ codons
stop
How many chromosomes and pairs of chromosomes do average humans have?
46 chromosomes
23 pairs of chromosomes